Do children owe their parents Essay Example For Students

Do kids owe their folks? Paper There is an inquiry that I have been considering: Do I owe something to my mother and father? Who knows Sometimes we may believe that we owe them a great deal, yet then different occasions we may figure Why would it be a good idea for me to accomplish something for them? I have my own life. I have loads of to manage without dealing with my people. Be that as it may, of course, how might I leave them in a difficult situation when they are similar bloods? I seem as though them and in particular I love them. It relies upon the connection among guardians and children when choosing if we owe them something or not. Kids who felt cherished, had heaps of consideration from a mother and father growing up will attempt to treat them a similar way, intuitively taking care of useful for good. In families without solid associations, children will basically disregard their folks presence. They may accept that nobody requested that their folks have them. Nobody inquired as to whether they needed to be conceived they had no way out. Two grown-ups needed to have children and they had them. It was their decision to be capable and raise the people to come. At that point if take a gander at the nature, you would not discover animals who might plan something for help their folks after they grew up. We are only one of numerous animals in this universe. Why it ought to be diverse for us?Humans are most evolved animals on the earth with sentiments, loads of information, reproducing their sort, dealing with on e another. So isnt it generally imperative to take care of the individuals who are near you? Also, at exactly that point take care of the others? For what reason do we overlook that occasionally?.. Guardians are the main individuals who merit your consideration. During that time they put so much exertion and energy the manner in which they can, to shield us from awful. We realize that mother and father will be close to us regardless of whether we get in a tough situation or lose everything. They despite everything will be the ones to help us as much as possible. They will discover space in their home for us to remain. Consequently we ought to be so grateful to them and pay for it ahead of time. Anyway there are enormous contrasts among societies and nations. For instance in my nation, Lithuania, guardians are taking consideration on their children until infants can truly bolster themselves. On the off chance that you are an understudy it isn't important to work guardians will pay for the room in an understudy inn, give cash for food, books and each opportunity you get back home a colossal sack of treats. After people resign, or couple years after the fact, as a rule everyone gets the chance to live respectively once more (monetarily less expensive, it is simpler to deal with guardians and have sitters who are around constantly. Also Lithuanians dont have huge houses like here. They live in a couple of room condos. Its hard, however that is the manner in which it expected to be. Americans are the polar opposite. They advise to their children to move out after school, gain cash, and be free regardless of how hard its for them to live. USA is where you HAVE to discuss owing so mething to your folks. As a result of all the moving starting with one spot then onto the next, families dont see one another so regularly. That is the point at which you owe it to your folks: postcard, a call, a visit, or help. In Lithuania guardians, kids, grandkids are one major family where you fulfill everyone needs no mater if its your kid or mother. There is no distinction. Here once more, do youngsters who are approached to move out their folks? Youthful and old in this nation need to be free; nobody needs to owe something to other. To come clean I dont comprehend IT!We dont owe we need to take care on our folks as they did when we were pretty much nothing. Its simply the manner in which it should be in this world. We ought to do this so our children can see a genuine case of how to be with their folks us we become more seasoned. Truly, we don't owe anything; its a trade plan.

Causes of Crime

The reasons for wrongdoing are normally physical irregularities, mental clutters, social and financial variables, broken windows, pay and instruction. By the twenty-first century criminologists looked to a wide scope of components to clarify why an individual would carry out wrongdoings. These included organic, mental, social, and financial variables. Typically a mix of these elements is behind an individual who carries out a wrongdoing. Explanations behind carrying out a wrongdoing incorporate eagerness, outrage, desirously, vengeance, or pride. Criminologists concentrated on the physical attributes and mental stability of a person. They trusted it was â€Å"predetermined† or that individuals had no influence about whether they would lead an existence of wrongdoing. For instance, criminologists accepted individuals with littler heads, slanting temples, huge jaws and ears, and certain statures and loads had a more prominent opportunity to be crooks. As late as the 1950s specialists kept on researching the relationship of body types to wrongdoing. Beside organic qualities showing a characteristic inclination toward crime by certain people, Lombroso and other mid twentieth century specialists likewise contemplated that criminal conduct could be an immediate aftereffect of mental issue. They accepted these psychological issue could be analyzed and conceivably restored. On the off chance that this was valid, at that point crime could be viewed as an illness and the guilty party could be â€Å"cured† through mental treatment. Notwithstanding examining the natural and mental reasons for criminal conduct, others glanced toward society when all is said in done for potential causes. In the mid 1900s scientists accepted social changes happening in the United States, for example, a modern economy supplanting the previous horticultural economy and the development of urban communities, just as the consistent progression of settlers from eastern Europe influenced wrongdoing levels. During the 1990s another thought spread through the criminal equity field concerning the impact of an individual's social condition on crime percentages. The thought was that general issue in the local prompts expanded withdrawn conduct and in the end to genuine wrongdoing. For the majority of the twentieth century, police principally responded to genuine wrongdoings, for example, assault, murder, and burglary frequently with minimal generally speaking accomplishment in checking crime percentages. Along these lines, the reasoning went, in the event that specialists killed scatter, at that point genuine violations would drop. Confusion makes dread among residents of dangerous avenues; they keep away from open zones permitting hoodlums to increase an a dependable balance. The area goes into a descending winding on the grounds that as wrongdoing builds, at that point issue increments further. Another hypothesis from 1930s criminologists was that joblessness could be a significant reason for wrongdoing. Society instructs that ingenuity and difficult work lead to individual money related prizes; notwithstanding, instructive open doors are frequently constrained to the individuals who can stand to go to school. Individuals who don't get advanced education or higher educations are frequently compelled to take lower paying employments. Some endeavor to make material progress through unlawful methods; in this sense social powers can lead an individual into wrongdoing. The conviction that instruction assumes a colossal job in stopping wrongdoing prompted instructive projects and employment preparing in detainment facilities. Instruction and employment preparing not just give an approach to get a new line of work and get by, yet possibly puts the individual into a superior social condition once the person in question is back in the public arena. Criminologists accept a great job makes social and individual connections to an individual's locale that thusly impact whether to perpetrate a wrongdoing. An individual is less inclined to carry out a wrongdoing, regardless of whether there will be significant prizes, on the off chance that the person is attached to the network and is regarded by its individuals.

Pulse Magnetic Field Therapy and Phototherapy Essay

Heartbeat Magnetic Field Therapy and Phototherapy - Essay Example Heartbeat Magnetic Field treatment utilizes attraction so as to evoke its remedial impact. In light of research directed by Marjorie (p. 3), PMFT is very ingenious with regards to orthopedic and neurological treatment. The treatment works through the usage of vitality put away. Attractive fields typically structure around electrons that travel through a given structure a particular uniform way. The vitality normally included outcome in an attractive field when it is at right points. Photograph treatment, then again, uses laser in treatment. In veterinary medication, the usually utilized phototherapy gadgets are light transmitting diodes. These consistently come in two sorts in particular; Solid state lasers and extraordinary splendor Led’s. , the strong state gadgets produce light when a specific voltage is gone through diodes. The recurrence of the produced light is profoundly reliant on the kind of pollutions existent at P-N intersection. As to extraordinary splendor Ledâ₠¬â„¢s, these produce light likewise at the P-N intersection; however use curved mirrors to reflect it forward. Light frequencies affect its restorative use. We have blue, infrared and obvious red frequencies. Contrasts in frequencies affect light vitality and the degree of tissue entrance. In material science, higher vitality is delivered with the most limited frequency. Beat attractive field treatment and phototherapy convey clinical significance with regards to the field of veterinary medication in various manners. Ebb and flow look into certifies that bone development factors have a job.

Literature Search Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Writing Search - Assignment Example Totman J; You just have one opportunity to get it right’: A quantitative investigation of relatives’ encounters of thinking about a relative with terminal malignant growth; Palliative Medicine †2015,; SAGE Publications Ltd, Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP, United Kingdom. This is a system approach quantitative examination using semi-organized meeting, investigating the enthusiastic difficulties home parental figures faces in the arrangement of palliative consideration. It looks at the difficulties the family members experiences as they deal with the agony of the in critical condition patients in London city. The investigation examines care slips efficiently with accentuation on the torment scale rating of the patients change all through the home consideration time frame. Either the examination moves toward the investigation from the patient viewpoint as opposed to the consideration supplier point of view. In view of the examination done in Ontario gives understanding to torment the executives as a moral commitment for palliative consideration suppliers. The focal point of the investigation is the patients with HIV and AIDS. It consolidates 126 patients and carefully centers the consideration from the patient perspective on the personal satisfaction toward the finish of care issues. It likewise investigates to the accepting satisfactory torment the board as a measure to prolongation of life. The specialist uses the information that elderly folks individuals structure the biggest pool of individuals accepting palliative consideration at that point takes a gander at the doses of different medications that agreeable soothes torment among the more established individuals. He utilizes quantitative research to assess the solution standards of the drugs that patients get ascribed in the palliative consideration. In this, the scientist focuses on both test and non-exploratory research to survey the utilization of morphine as a primary medication in geriatric agony control. Concentrating the examination on the individuals from three geriatric homes, he investigates the danger of over dose and under

How to Write a High School Reflection Essay

How to Write a High School Reflection EssayA High School reflection essay is a wonderful way to express yourself and the direction you want your life to take. Writing an essay in this format may be difficult for some but it is an essential part of getting your thoughts across. In this section you should decide what are your key points, what is your personal story and most importantly, what are you going to do with this information? Once you have these in mind, you will be able to get started.You should start by defining your essay topic when writing a High School reflection essay. This can be one of the most difficult parts of the process. You want to be sure that you know what you are writing about so that you can define your entire essay. If you cannot define your essay in your head, you are going to run out of words very quickly. Start with a title or theme that will give you the backbone you need.After deciding on a topic you should write the main ideas down. You will use this as your expression. Remember, you are not supposed to write from your heart but instead express your thoughts with a writing style that is expressive and effective. Remember to use words like 'I', 'me'mine'. These will become your key to success when writing a High School reflection essay.Expression is one of the most important elements when writing a High School reflection essay. Expressing who you are is important because when people come into contact with you they can form an opinion about you based on the expression you are using. If you are using your emotional or physical expression then you are creating a mental connection with your reader that makes you appear credible. So make sure that your emotions and expression are direct and to the point when writing a High School reflection essay.Remember to always be concise when writing an essay. When it comes to writing a High School reflection essay you must make sure that you are expressing your ideas as clearly as possible so that your reader can understand your thoughts. If you read your essay and only read the first three pages then you may find yourself having to re-read it because you missed something and your reader did not grasp your idea. This is why it is imperative that you have an outline before you begin writing your essay.The structure of a High School reflection essay is important. There are some rules that you must follow when writing a high school reflection essay. You must make sure that you complete the first three to five sentences of your essay before you go on to the next topic. The rest of the essay is a composition of your ideas that needs to be expressed. When you are finished writing you can move onto the next topic.Another great tip for writing a High School reflection essay is to prepare a sample and then write out your essay. This way you can see how you write and your style. You can also edit the sample to see if you have any errors that you have made and correct them before you s ubmit your essay.Finally, when writing an essay you should remember that there is always room for improvement. It is okay to do this at the end of the essay. But don't try to give more than you need to when it comes to expression. Simply finish what you started and move on.

Do College Students Need Guns In Campus To Feel Safe - 550 Words

Do College Students Need Guns In Campus To Feel Safe (Essay Sample) Content: StudentProfessorCourse31st October, 2017IntroductionDo students in college campuses need guns in campus for them to feel safe? Some people do not think so and they argue against carrying of guns in campuses for safety purposes. While opponents may think that students and staff ought to be discouraged from carrying guns as this may cause fear and could be an invitation to wreak death and destruction for innocent students, other people want the students to carry guns for their own protection in case of an attack, While banning guns may not prevent any chance of a mass shooting and carrying guns may be helpful for protection in case of an attack, there ought to be certain enforced rules for behavior for the gun holders.The proposal to have students and staff carry guns in campus should be followed by strict requirements for people to obtain a firearm with proper background checks. Encouraging carrying of guns in campuses is backed by the fact that banning guns will not p revent any chance of mass shooting. The Second Amendment of the Constitution also gives an explicit right to bear arms for self-protection stating that "A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed." (The Second Amendment). Denying students and staff from carrying guns to campus will also make them an easy target for attacks as according to the NRA, gun free zones are actually targets for criminals who Barnett argues that they pick defenseless targets where they know no one will have a gun.The opposition to the proposal of allowing carrying of guns in campuses has several points of concern, which boil down to a sense of public safety. For instance, carrying guns will make most students and faculty feel more threatened as the weapons decrease the sense of campus safety (Patten, Thomas, Wada Crim, 2013) as well as being an invitation to wreak death and destruction for innocent students . While citing Jesus Villahermosa, a Washington state SWAT officer and founder of crisis reality training, Dickerson in his article Students Should Not Be Allowed to Carry Guns on College Campuses states that students should not be allowed to carry guns as there is no credible evidence that this would reduce crime and that the brains of most students have not matured enough to be able to control their impulses and judgement and thus allowing students to carry guns could increase reckless shooting incidences. Dickerson states that concealed carry laws have the potential to dramatically increase violence on college and university campuses.ConclusionWhile those opposed to the carrying of guns in campuses cite safety as their main concern, those in favor are equally worried about their own safety. With students citing being uncomfortable with the presence of guns in campus, changing gun policies may not increase students feelings of safety on campus according to Cavanaugh in his Student s Attitudes toward Concealed Handguns on Campus at Universities study. However, as unsafe as guns may be, it is not logical to completely ban them from the public. If the students and staff are law-abiding and meet all the safety requirements, the benefits of carrying the guns would far outweigh the potential risks, especially if strict laws are put in place to monitor the behavior of the gun owners. If the students and staff are law-abiding and meet all the safety requirements, the benefits of carrying the guns would far outweigh the potential risks, especially if strict laws are put in place to monitor the behavior of the gun owners. These strict laws would decide th...

Predestination in Book III of John Miltons Paradise Lost...

Predestination in Book III of Paradise Lost Miltons purpose in Paradise Lost is nothing less than to assert eternal providence and justify the ways of God to men - a most daunting task. For Milton to succeed in his endeavour, he has to unravel a number of theologiccal thorns that have troubled christian philosophers for centuries. Since his epic poem is, essentially, a twelve book argument building to a logical conclusion - the justification of the ways of God to men - he will necessarily have to deal with these dogmatic problems, and, in doing so, reveal his own take on the Christian theology. What we receive in Paradise Lost, however, is Miltons final conclusion concerning these issues; to discover how he worked a†¦show more content†¦But what is implied by Miltons usage of the word? Gods defence in Book III can be broken into four parts: 1-Man was created free, ie. I made him just and right/Sufficient to have stood, though free to fall. This is covered in lines 97-111; 2-It is through free-will that man chose to fall, ie. ...they themselves decreed/Thir own revolt, not I. This is covered in lines 111-119; 3-Though fallen, man shall not lose their free-will, ie. I formd them free, and free they must remain; the notion of the non-mutability of God is also contained here. This is covered in lines 120-128; 4-Using free-will, and through God, man shall be saved, ie. Man therefore shall find grace [...] in Mercy and Justice both. This is covered in lines 129-134, and thus constitutes the final part of Gods full argument and defence. Central to the argument, though, both structurally and in terms importance, is the notion of predestination. The other aspects of the argument - mans free-will, and the means by which they shall be saved - are contained within that single word, for behind it lies the entirety of the argument that Milton lays out in Chapter IV of De Doctrina Christiana. Chapter IV of DeShow MoreRelated Adam in Miltons Paradise Lost Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesAdam in Paradise Lost: Fates Ruler - and Subject A central problem in John Miltons Paradise Lost in the theological issue of free will versus fate, a traditionally much-debated question. Free will is the condition of having control or direction over fate or destiny; the individual shapes his life and future through his actions. The opposing view, complete lack of free will (made famous by John Calvin), is predestination, which expresses the idea that our futures have been foreseen long

Satire Found in Candiate by Voltaire, Don Quixote by...

We often see satire in our everyday lives such as on televisions, novels, and music; but why is satire used? Satire is a form of writing used to denounce human vice, giving readers an insight on the flaws that the author sees in society. There are two different types of way to present satire: horation and juvenialian. In the three works: Candide by Voltaire, Don Quixote by Miguel De Cervantes, and A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift all demonstrate the use of satire. However, Don Quixote presents only horation satire and A Modest Proposal uses juvenalian satire, while Candide uses both types of satire. By combining both horatian and juvenilian satire one’s piece is able to present social criticism more effectively than only using one.†¦show more content†¦The author uses horation to point out the lack of respect towards prostitutes, although they have a lewd job, they should be treated as ladies. In turn, Don Quixote is once again made a dunce for his actions, conveyi ng instead that kind actions are wasteful and will only make one look half-witted. A Modest Proposal on the other hand, used juvenalian satire which was too serious to fully grasp the idea Jonathan Swift wanted to show to the readers. Juvenalian satire, quite the opposite of horation, is a specific attack on a individual or human behavior. Swift addresses the solution to the poverty in Ireland in a manner so blunt he sounds somewhat serious about â€Å"a young healthy child...stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled† Swift targets his attack on the Irish and exaggerates how far the Irish would go for money (2030). A reader, may not notice that this human characteristic, greed, applies to all mankind. Swift in other cases offends the British as well. Swift suggests his proposition so wildly for the British will accept it. However, this only gives insight to readers that the British are self-inovlved when in fact it

Compare and Contrast Plessy V. Ferguson and Brown V. Board...

Huiliang Yang HIS 112 Professor McLeod 4/24/10 Compare and Contrast Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education The Supreme Court has significant impact on molding the society of the United States, so does it play an important role in the process of the realization of equal protection on the right to education. From Plessy to Brown, every case that had milestone meaning indicated the evolution on the equal protection of the right to education, and also marked the progress of American civilization. However, there are different points between Plessy and Brown. Brown v. Board of Education was educational case of black race, but Plessy v. Ferguson is not it; the result of Plessy is isolation but equal, the Brown show us that†¦show more content†¦Why these people have to join counter culture movement? They have dissatisfaction and criticism of the mainstream culture and existing systems. Sympathy for the minorities and women, even the desire for peace are a common feature of these movements. I believe that many the participants of counter-cultural movement are also member of the New Left M ovement. Hippies are good representation of the counter culture movement, it usually involve drug abuse, sex and abortion. History professor Theodore Roszak points out the hippies and radical students have a same point, which is counter-culture. (Roszak, 1995) In his views, counter-cultural movement is all social protest movements in the United States, such as democracy movement, womens liberation movement, black civil rights movement, and anti-war movement. These movements absolutely have some actions what we cannot accept, but it is not violence. Drug abuse, sex, abortion and other revolt actions, you can say they are criminal, but they do not use force to attack someone. Another side, there are many wars and movements were occurred every decade or couple in the United States, so â€Å"violence is American as cherry pie† is not a good description for 1960s. From the middle 1960s to the beginning of 1970s, America waged the Vietnam War which was the longest and the most consumed in the history of America.Show MoreRelatedDwight D. Eisenhower and Civil Rights Act Essay995 Words   |  4 PagesDouglas Mac Arthur HUAC The Hollywood 10 Alger Hiss Whittaker Chambers Richard Nixon J. Edgar Hoover Klaus Fuchs Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Joseph McCarthy Red Scare Adlai Stevenson Dwight D. Eisenhower Sputnik NASA National Defense Education Act John Foster Dulles â€Å"Massive Retaliation† â€Å"Brinkmanship† Shah of Iran Gammel Abdel Nasser Suez Crisis Fidel Castro Hungarian Revolution Nikita Khrushchev U-2 â€Å"Military Industrial Complex The Bay of Pigs Berlin Wall Cuban MissileRead MoreThe Role Of The Supreme Court Plays On The Policymaking Process Essay1356 Words   |  6 Pages CHAPTERS 14, 4 5 ESSAY #2) Describe the role the Supreme Court plays in the policymaking process. Compare and contrast Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint. Explain 5 Amendments in the Bill of Rights. How does a society balance possible contradictions and inconsistencies with respect to national security, and the rights of the individual? Discuss some of the conflicts, issues and problems that arose during the Civil Right s movement in the 1950 s and 1960 s, as well as current Civil RightsRead MoreConstitutional Law II Final Exam2928 Words   |  12 Pagesand divided the Court. 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My third and final step is that I will then look at present day examples of the tenthRead MoreChapter 5 Outline5565 Words   |  23 Pagesprinciple of physical salience†¨D.  engendered racism    14.  What is the sociological concept of racial formation?  Ã¢â‚¬ ¨A.  The process by which a group comes to be identified as a race.†¨B.  The process in which the major institutions of society such as law and education create and sustain beliefs about racial categories.†¨C.  The interconnection of historical discrimination and the creation of racial categories.†¨D.  All of these choices are true.    15.  Which of these is an illustration of the concept of out-group homogeneity

Hip Hop Is Not Going Anywhere - 1545 Words

Since Old School’s Hip Hop conception, the genre has gone way beyond what the genre’s originators could have imagined. Each period since the founding of Hip Hop has added to the evolution of the culture and have altered it into something that is more than just a hobby, but a mindset and a part of life that cannot be separated from many different cultures globally. In 1977, popular Hip Hop MCs and Djs lived in poverty in New York and in 2016 artist like Sean Combs, Dr. Dre, and Jay-Z are worth $2.07 billion combined (Greenburg, 2016). A genre and culture that stemmed in a way of healing and release in the black and latino community in New York is now an international commodity and has proven that Hip Hop is not going anywhere. Several of Hip Hop’s characteristics have guided the evolution in these past 40 years, like the value of being family-oriented, authentic and the content of the lyrics, have made Hip Hop into a genre that has a large enough variety to have something for every any audience that enjoys music. Rap originated in the South Bronx by marginalized Black and Latino youth who lived in terrible housing often set ablaze, overcrowded cities, lack of available jobs, and gang-filled communities. Around this time in the 70s, gangs were becoming prominent in order to form community, protection, and family. In Somebody Scream, Reeves (2008) stated, â€Å"The population upheaval of the South Bronx, with black and brown kids being terrorized by bands of white youth whoseShow MoreRelatedHip Hop : A Genre Of Music1431 Words   |  6 PagesHip hop is widely know as a genre of music that started in a New York City borough called the Bronx in the late 1970s, but it is more than just the music. 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Hip-hop and its influence on our ideas of personal identity Hip-hop has helped form ideas about race and class, in a time period that was also politically reforming these ideas. Hip-hop originated in New York in the 1960’s and 70’s in New York, more specifically in areas of financial squalor, and mainly originated form African American people. It could be seen as way for people to express themselves. Hip-hop wasn’t formed racially specific though

The Partner by John Grisham Free Essays

The Partner by John Grisham †They found him in Ponta Pora, a pleasant little town in Brazil, on the border of Paraguay. He lived alone in a small house on Rua Tiradentes and drove a red 1983 Volkswagen. He was thinner. We will write a custom essay sample on The Partner by John Grisham or any similar topic only for you Order Now His skin and hair were darker, and his nose and chin were different† The man who was found wasPatrick Lanigan, who is the main character of the book . Four years earlier he was married and had a young daughter and had been a partner in a law firm in Biloxi, Mississippi. A badly burned body was found in his wrecked car and a funeral was held for Patrick. Six weeks later 90 million dollars disappears from the law firm? s bank account and Patrick? s partners begin to suspect him. After stealing the money Patrick changes as much as possible in order to make it more difficult to find him. He gets a new identity as Danilo Silva, learns near perfect Portuguese, loses a lot of weight and also has plastic surgery. Patrick is chased both by his former partners, who use a private detective named Jack Stephano, who want the 90 million, and the FBI who also want him for murdering the body in his car.Patrick is tortured by the men working for Jack Stephano but he doesn? t tell them where the money is. The only person who actually knows this is Eva Miranda, who is his Brazilian lawyer and also his lover. After returning to the United States Patrick is in a hospital because he has bad wounds after the torture and he is also immediately accused of murder and theft, asked to return the 90 million and his wife wants to divorce him. In an ordinary book we would not have very much sympathy for a man like Patrick, but as the story unfolds must people probably get to like him.It turns out that the money which he took actually was stolen first by his partners and a man by the name Aricia, who had cheated the government. Patrick agrees to return not only the 90 million but also a generous interest of another 23 million. The missing 19 year old boy who generally was believed to have been murdered by Patrick was actually helped by him to get another identity and the burned body had died from disease before it was put into the car. Patrick is also quite generous towards his former wife, who had had a lover while they were married, and his daughter, who he knows actually has another father.Also, we have to admire the enourmously detailed preparations and the intelligent plan which make it possible for Patrick to get away from this situation without even spending one day in jail. But I think that our sympathy for Patrick can never be absolute since he obviously also has done many bad things. At the very end Patrick and Eva have arranged to meet at a hotel in France in order to start a new life together, but Eva doesn? t show up for several days and Patrick returns to his home in Brazil, where he is lonely and rather poor, or at least not rich, since Eva has disappeared with all the money.I? ve read a short and simplified version of this book which seems to concentrate mainly on the story, which is quite complicated, but doesn? t contain many direct descriptions of the people in it. Most of the words, except some legal terms, are rather simple. We get to know the main characters mainly from their actions. In many books the hero is perfect, or almost perfect, and he is fighting for something noble. Patrick, on the other hand, is a mixture of good and bad. Our feelings towards Patrick are complicated. We admire Patrick for his smartness but our feelings for him can? t be only positive.After all he has committed several crimes. Is he a hero or an anti-hero? Patrick seems seems extremely smart and quite nice in many ways. In spite of his doubtful actions we feel sympathy for him because he is generous and cheated not only by his wife and his partners but also, in the end, by his lover. While reading the book we want Patrick to get away with everything and go back to his lover in Brazil and we feel sorry for him when he? s left lonely and unhappy in the end. On the other hand, would it have been fair if Patrick had finished with both the money and his lover? Maybe if he had been a truly good hero, but he isn? and maybe this is what he deserves? There isn? t any particular part of the book which I think is better than any other, but I liked the way that the story begins with the capture of Patrick and how the previous events are gradually revealed to us. What impressed me the most wa s reading about Patrick? s extremely careful preparations for everything he did, especially that he predicted that he would be captured one day and his detailed preparations for the situation which he knows will develop. We are not told very much about the looks or personalities of the people who chase him and his wife.From their actions they seem rather selfish, cynical and greedy. Money plays an important role in The Partner. It is clearly shown that money can buy you out of many troubles, but also that it cannot buy you happiness. Most people in the book seem to value money more than love or friendship. The only people who are really nice to each other are relatives or old friends. The Partner starts with a bang, is filled with action and unexpected turns, but not violence, and has a very surprising end. It? s rather dark and it doesn? t have a happy ending, but it? s very exciting and I think most people would like to read it. I certainly did! 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Contemporary Health Environment in Respect to Nursing

Questions: 1. What is the role of the enrolled nursed in nursing research? 2. Discuss the purpose of nursing research in relation to:discovering new nursing knowledgesolving nursing problemsprofessional curiosity 3. Define validity and reliability in relation to research. 4. Explain the stages in evidence-based practice under the following headings:AssessmentAnalysisProblem identificationPlanningImplementationEvaluation 5. What are 3 individual values and perceptions that may need to be addressed if requesting an individual to participate in research? 6. What are the emotional and physical needs of family and significant others when supporting the individual to participate in research? 7. Discuss the following ethical considerations when undertaking nursing research:Informed consentConfidentialitySafeguards e.g. ethical committees, consent forms 8. What are 5 forms of data collection used in research and how are they used? 9. Define and discuss the following 3 research methodologies: 10. Using the two articles provided on Blackboard answer the following questions and also explain your answer (do not just state yes or no) using the evidence within the article. Research article 1: Which research method was used?Is the method appropriate to the question?Was the data collection identified?Was the sample group large enough?Did the article explore the feelings or reactions of the participants?Were the findings established and clearly documented? Research article 2:Which research method was used?Were the participants clearly identified?Was the study valid?Was the sample group large enough?Is the study reliable?Are the results generalised?Was the research question answered? 11. Define evidence-based practice? 12. What is the ENs role regarding using evidence-based practice? Provide one example. Answers: 1. The role of the enrolled nurse in nursing research is to develop interventions for an existing issue that the patients face and the nurses encounter while treating them (Parahoo 2014). EN in nursing research also makes plans and strategies to evaluate and impart treatment to the patients.2. From the aspect of discovering new nursing knowledge, nursing research is necessary. When a nurse carries out relevant research concerning the ailment of a patient, it helps the nurse in widening the hemisphere on knowledge. This, results in effective treatment and care provided to the patient.From the aspect of solving nursing problems, nursing research is also necessary. Having a background on the research, it helps in facing issues of the patients with greater confidence and without any assistance on the part of the physician.From the aspect of professional curiosity, nursing research will increase the inquisitiveness of the nurses, helping in exploration of newer dimensions. 3. Validity and reliability in relation to research Validity is said to be the extent to what a particular concept is precisely measured in a research study (Parahoo 2014). Reliability indicates the result accuracy. Validity is a narrowed-down idea that illustrates the closeness what is believed and what is actually measured by the researchers (Parahoo 2014). Simultaneously, reliability is crucial condition for research validity. 4. The steps in evidence-based practice include assessment, analysis, problem identification, planning, implementation and evaluation. In evidence-based practice, assessment is an important step, whether the researchers decide on the contemporary practice and select a suitable topic relevant to their area of practice (Papathanasiou, Tsaras and Sarafis 2014). Next, they carry out a thorough analysis, where they could obtain required literature and identify certain problems. Based on that, aims and objectives could be developed. Subsequently, proper planning is done in order to understand the budget, people and estimate time to accomplish the research. Upon approval, they could implement the plan and finally evaluate the data to reach to a valid conclusion. 5. While carrying out a nursing research, individual values and perceptions should be addressed, if requesting individuals to participate in research. Consent, confidentiality and ethics need to be addressed while requesting participants to take part in a research. A written consent enables the researchers to inform the participants about the research topic (Munhall 2012). Written consent should also be taken from the organizations or authorities under which a research is about to be accomplished. It is a mode of transparent communication, where the participants understand the purpose of the research. The researchers should also be informed if participants are unwilling to take part in a research. The researchers should also ensure that the data obtained from the participants are kept confidential by not revealing to a third party and thereby, carried out the research under strict ethical consideration. This further provides data safety of the entire nursing research. By maintaining these values, the researchers could make sure that they carry out any research under strict ethical consideration. 6. The emotional and physical needs of family and significant others needs to be catered to by the nurse while carrying out the research on the subject. It is necessary to provide emotional support to the family members as they might be in distress.7. It is necessary to consider the informed consent in respect to the ethical considerations, because the subject (patient) as well as the family members needs to know the details of the research, which is to be carried out on the patient. The patient will be detailed regarding it (Johnstone 2015).Both the patient and the nurse should fill the confidentiality form. The patient should not reveal the details of the research to anyone and the nurse should not reveal any details of the subject to anyone outside the research facility.The nurse should get prior permission in carrying out the research involving live human subjects from the ethical committee responsible for this kind of research. Necessary consent forms should be signed by everyon e related to the research. 8. The five forms of data collection method used and their uses are given below (Lewis 2015): Self reports refers to gathering information from people by questioning them and it can be on the basis of a self administered questionnaire or with the help of interview methods. Bio-physiologic measurements refers to collecting biophysical based data from the patients with the help of specialized equipments in order to assess the physical as well as the biological status of the patients. Observational method refers to the involvement of the systemic form of selection, observation as well as the recording of the behavior, settings as well as the events, which is relevant to an issue related to the patient who is under investigation. Psychometric measurements refers to the use of psychometric tools such as inventories, instruments, questionnaires, measures, surveys that the nurses use in order to quantify and analyze abstract variables. Projective technique (for analyzing quanititative data), Q sorts (to measure the progress of the patient in respect to time), Vignette (tool for measuring the process of care in respect to the clinical aspect) 9. Research methodologies in respect to nursing can be divided into two broad categories, such as qualitative and quantitative research methodology. Qualitative research is further divided into different categories such as, phenomenology, ethnology, grounded theory, historical method and case study (Holloway and Wheeler 2013). Quantitative research is further divided into different categories such as, descriptive, co relational, quasi-experimental and experimental. 10. Research article 1 Qualitative research method was used to carry out the present research (Agar et al. 2012). The research aimed to carry out a comparison between nurses regarding delirium related decision making, who are working in aged care, oncology department, palliative care and aged care psychiatry. In order to carry out the comparison, it is necessary to obtain and understand the perspectives of the respective nurses. Qualitative methods are majorly used in exploratory research that enables the researchers to understand the underlying motivations, opinion and reasons. In case of article 1, the researchers have conducted a semi-structured interview of the participant nurses in order to explore their ideas and views on delirium evaluation and management. Hence, it could be mentioned that the application of qualitative method is appropriate to the research question. It is mentioned in the research article that the data was collected by using semi-structured interviews, which included series of open questions that provided the participants with an opportunity to express their views and ideas. Hence, it could be mentioned that the data collection was identified. The researchers considered 40 nurses to carry out the present research, from which it could be mentioned that, for a sole qualitative study, 40 participants were large enough to obtain data in order to evaluate their views and opinions on delirium assessment and management, which further provided the researchers with an opportunity to develop short and precise themes. Sample size of more than 40 might have generated a risk of getting diverted from the research aim. However, from a statistical perspective, it should be mentioned that participant selection for group survey involves certain percentage of margin of error, for example: at confidence level of 95%, a sample group of 10 numbers of people could give rise to almost 32% of margin of error, a sample group of 10 numbers of people could give rise to almost 22.4% of margin of error. Less number of samples, therefore, would not be a reliable data source. From the participants responses the researchers have developed four analytical themes that include superficial understanding and recognition of delirium, management, assessment and consequences on others. Hence, it could be stated that the article explored the reactions or feelings of the participants. The themes pinpointed the real-life occurrences related to the selected research topic that further enabled the researchers to come to a logical conclusion. The researchers not only developed themes from the gathered data, but also have clearly mentioned about the participants demographics that include age, qualification, time of work, experience in different areas like aged care, oncology, aged care psychiatry and palliative care facility, which further demonstrated that the findings were well documented and established. Research article 2 The research method that was used was qualitative analysis, which was in relation to the quality of life Yes, the participants were clearly identified. The study was valid. The sample group was not large enough. The numbers of participants allotted for each sub group for the means of analysis were comparatively less. No, the study was not reliable as there were several limitations, such as, it was difficult to assess whether the ratings were influenced by any means due to the relationship between the proxy to the person affected by dementia. It was also observed that the reports related to the influence that depression has on quality of life in respect to both self-report as well as in case of proxy accounts, has not been recognized in the research. The results are not generalized. The aim of the research was to determine the quality of life of the older people who have been affected with dementia, by others who are also affected with dementia. It was proved by the research that people affected with dementia is able to assess their quality of life. Hence, the research question was answered (Moyle et al. 2012). 11. Evidence practiced can be defined as the use of currently best available evidence, which has been incorporated while making decisions in respect to the care imparted to an individual patient (Grove, Burns and Gray 2014). It requires for the incorporation of clinical expertise as well as patient values in the treatment and care provided to a patient. 12. The role of the EN in respect to using evidence-based practice is that it helps in proving the patients with quality care, which is both safe as well as efficient (DiCenso, Guyatt and Ciliska 2014). The role of the EN is to provide treatment and care, which is aligns with the effective prognosis carried out for a disease affecting the patient, proper analysis of the etiology of the disease, the significance of the diagnostic tests as well as the therapeutic effects on the patient. For example, a patient might be in need of assessment of his worsening situation while he has been admitted in the general ward. An EN who is equipped with evidence-based practice will be able to identify the problem with the patient based on the ENs previous experiences as well as research knowledge. The EN will not lose a single minute in providing treatment to the patient by carrying out a swift and accurate prognosis and carry out diagnostic tests which will help in assessing the situation with the ailing patient. References: Agar, M., Draper, B., Phillips, P.A., Phillips, J., Collier, A., Harlum, J. and Currow, D., 2012. Making decisions about delirium: a qualitative comparison of decision making between nurses working in palliative care, aged care, aged care psychiatry, and oncology.Palliative Medicine,26(7), pp.887-896. DiCenso, A., Guyatt, G. and Ciliska, D., 2014.Evidence-based nursing: A guide to clinical practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Grove, S.K., Burns, N. and Gray, J.R., 2014.Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Holloway, I. and Wheeler, S., 2013.Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare. John Wiley Sons. Johnstone, M.J., 2015.Bioethics: a nursing perspective. Elsevier Health Sciences. Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.Health promotion practice, p.1524839915580941. Moyle, W., Murfield, J.E., Griffiths, S.G. and Venturato, L., 2012. Assessing quality of life of older people with dementia: A comparison of quantitative self?report and proxy accounts.Journal of Advanced Nursing,68(10), pp.2237-2246. Munhall, P.L., 2012.Nursing research. Jones Bartlett Learning. Papathanasiou, I.V., Tsaras, K. and Sarafis, P., 2014. Views and perceptions of nursing students on their clinical learning environment: Teaching and learning.Nurse education today,34(1), pp.57-60. Parahoo, K., 2014.Nursing research: principles, process and issues. Palgrave Macmillan.

Separate Peace Essays (629 words) - John Knowles, Phineas, Finny

Separate Peace Friendship is a bond that is held together by mutual respect and common benevolence. John Knowles explores this realm deeply in his novel, A Separate Peace. Phineas and Gene are best friends, but their friendship is challenged as Gene feels that Finny is superior. Finny, unlike Gene, has no inner conflict, but instead he mentally creates a perfect universe. When Gene finally unleashes his suppressed anger by use of violence, Finny is unable to accept it as intentional in an effort to sustain his perfect world. Unfortunately, he permits this hidden truth to fester until ultimately it destroys his mental paradise along with himself. Finny utilizes his idealistic views of life, genuine caring for others, and charismatic abilities to make people love him in order to preserve his inner utopia. Finny's idealistic views of the real world are optimistic and show the naivet of his character. He has standards of perfection for life, and he is willing to sacrifice the truth to uphold this perfection. This is true even when the truth is openly admitted, such as when Gene confesses that he "deliberately jounced the limb so you [Finny] would fall off" (Knowles 62). Finny simply denies it and even shows some anger by threatening to "kill you [Gene] if you don't shut up" (62). This anger becomes the first step in the deterioration of his perfect universe. Finny cannot accept the fact that there are imperfect feelings in the world, such as losing, because "Finny never permitted himself to realize that when you won, they lost" (27). Furthermore, Finny has a genuine heart, which aids in his friendship with Gene. His sincerity and honesty significantly depicts how uncorrupt his character is. He sets aside certain rules to live by, of which he strongly believes to "Never say you are five feet nine when you're five feet eight and a half" (26). This reveals how true Finny's character is, and the fact that it is a commandment shows how his morals are the basis for his life. Finny is also very sincere with his friendship towards Gene, by openly revealing that "?At this teen-age period in life the proper person is your best pal.' He hesitated and then added, ?which is what you are,'" (40). Whereas Gene is insecure about their friendship, Finny readily admits his true feelings. This genuine attitude deteriorates in the end along with his world as he lies in an effort to suppress the truth. Additionally, Finny has an undeniable charisma that gives him the natural charm respected by all, all but Gene. He has an extraordinary power to make people love him, and it is that love which Gene envies. His power is shown when "he was forced to speak himself, the hypnotic power of his voice combined with the singularity of his mind to produce answers, which were often no right but could rarely be branded as wrong" (46). His charisma allows him to slip out of difficult situations, such as when Finny wears the Devon School tie as a belt, the substitute Headmaster"seemed pleased or amused in some unknown corner of his mind" (19). Gene, however, envied this, and it gives him an excuse to unleash his anger and the violence. So consequently, Finny's charisma ultimately leads to his demise. Finny is idealistic in his visions of the world, genuine in his caring for people, and charismatic in his convincing nature, and these qualities make him highly revered by many. Unfortunately, Gene tries to compete with Finny, which is impossible for Gene, so he envies Finny. When Gene releases his anger, Finny is unable to accept the truth, because he wants to preserve his utopia. This perfect world is created by Finny's mind in order to not see the evils of the real world. The friendship between the two of them is not mutual. This is why one must keep their enemies close, but their friends closer, because friends are most likely to stab their friends in the back.

Studying Abroad Essay Sample - What to Consider

Studying Abroad Essay Sample - What to ConsiderAfter you have gone through your college's application procedure and chosen the program you wish to attend, your next decision will be whether to take a study abroad essay sample from the study abroad program that you have been accepted into or write your own. If you are unsure of which option is best for you, keep reading and find out some of the pros and cons of each.First, you should consider what you think is the most important factor in selecting a study abroad essay sample from the online colleges. For instance, if you are considering an English Language Arts requirement, then perhaps a German essay sample would be more appropriate. Perhaps a Psychology and Philosophy course would work well for you, but how about an economics essay?In fact, the faculty of most online universities will include sections on subjects such as these in their course syllabi, and it is highly recommended that you take this information into consideration be fore deciding on which course to select. This is because the different departments within the university may require varying amounts of credit to graduate and taking a semester abroad may enable you to earn more credits than you could with an English course.Second, you need to consider the time frame in which you will need to take the essay sample, usually between two and four months. Some online colleges will provide it immediately, but this is not always the case. Some online programs will want to send out the essay sample after you have received your acceptance letter.Third, and just as important, the Internet is now an extremely popular method of obtaining information for both online education courses and for academic publications. So, what you need to consider is whether you have access to the Internet at home, whether you have taken a class online in the past, and whether the professor's website is related to the online college's website.Fourth, ask yourself if your student's computer activity will allow you to record the essays at home or if it must be submitted via a university-provided or company-provided web service. Once again, this is up to the university; some institutions will send you your essay samples automatically, but others will have to provide them individually.Lastly, be sure to keep all the relevant documents. After all, you don't want to forget to bring copies of your original essay and the foreign language assignments, since these two documents will be required for your transcripts. Don't hesitate to make copies of any written assignments that may be hard to access, and be sure to keep your old dissertation materials, transcripts, papers, essays, etc.

Free Essays on Observation Paper

As a prospective teacher I admit that when I first entered the teacher education program I thought of learning as memorizing, and understood teaching as showing, telling and performing. I admit feeling uncomfortable at the outset with the requirement to be reflective about past and current experience and practices, and with the expectation that I should be actively involved in the construction of my own professional knowledge. A narrative and holistic orientation to teacher education is grounded in Dewey’s philosophy of education and his belief that we learn from experience and reflection on experience. As Dewy (1966) has explained: ‘[the] educational process is one of continual reorganizing, reconstruction, transforming experience’ (p.50), and this holds whether one is in a setting of teacher education, a high school or a kindergarten. As instructor, I emphasize the necessity for participants to understand the foundational concepts on which the courses are based; that the emphasis on reflective inquiry in learning to teach was established by Dewey in his work on conceptions of time, space, experience and sociality (Dewey, 1916, 1934, 1938a, 1938b). A narrative and holistic orientation to professional learning is based on the education and development of the whole person who is becoming a teacher. The construction of professional knowledge is understood as a relational and interactive process where teacher, student and subject matter are interconnected (Schwab, 1971, 1983). Here, the particularities of personal and situational contexts are important. In the context of a curriculum for teacher education, this view challenges simplistic notions of a curriculum based on a set of theoretical and practical requirements, a course of study, or a list of competencies. It validates individuals’ experiences of schooling, their personal biographies and family histories, and experiences of growing up in different cultural envir... Free Essays on Observation Paper Free Essays on Observation Paper As a prospective teacher I admit that when I first entered the teacher education program I thought of learning as memorizing, and understood teaching as showing, telling and performing. I admit feeling uncomfortable at the outset with the requirement to be reflective about past and current experience and practices, and with the expectation that I should be actively involved in the construction of my own professional knowledge. A narrative and holistic orientation to teacher education is grounded in Dewey’s philosophy of education and his belief that we learn from experience and reflection on experience. As Dewy (1966) has explained: ‘[the] educational process is one of continual reorganizing, reconstruction, transforming experience’ (p.50), and this holds whether one is in a setting of teacher education, a high school or a kindergarten. As instructor, I emphasize the necessity for participants to understand the foundational concepts on which the courses are based; that the emphasis on reflective inquiry in learning to teach was established by Dewey in his work on conceptions of time, space, experience and sociality (Dewey, 1916, 1934, 1938a, 1938b). A narrative and holistic orientation to professional learning is based on the education and development of the whole person who is becoming a teacher. The construction of professional knowledge is understood as a relational and interactive process where teacher, student and subject matter are interconnected (Schwab, 1971, 1983). Here, the particularities of personal and situational contexts are important. In the context of a curriculum for teacher education, this view challenges simplistic notions of a curriculum based on a set of theoretical and practical requirements, a course of study, or a list of competencies. It validates individuals’ experiences of schooling, their personal biographies and family histories, and experiences of growing up in different cultural envir...

Dissertation Proposal

Dissertation Proposal Dissertation Proposal Dissertation Proposal WritingMany students consider creating a dissertation proposal the most difficult part of dissertation writing. Indeed, students are assigned to create a project of their own, but not many of them had an experience of developing a research with a guidance of a faculty member. To create a proposal you should understand the issue, find, read and analyze the relevant literature. It is important to develop your own standpoint about the problem and present it to the reader. A dissertation proposal is a part of your formal application, and your obtaining a research degree may depend on it. Creating a proposal is the very beginning of your work, so try to do your best while developing it. A standard dissertation proposal consists of the following parts.Dissertation Proposal PartsTopic and title. As you know, the choice of topic is very important. Your topic should be original and innovative. Do not try to cover a big issue in your dissertation, remember that the narr ower your topic will be the better. Before you take the final decision on your topic, consult your supervisor. As for the title, it may change in the process of work. Research question. It should be a key question, which will demonstrate the nature of your research. If you fail to ask this question properly, you will not be able to conduct the research and arrive to meaningful conclusion of your dissertation. Preliminary literature review. This review is a kind of essay, which should be relevant to your topic. It is a small version of your literature review that will be found in your dissertation, and it should comprise a starting point for your further development. Proposed methodology. In this part present your idea of in what way you are going to collect the evidence for your dissertation, how you are planning to analyze it. Usually it is the easiest part of a dissertation proposal, and it is not very difficult to write it as methods follow from the topic and the rese arch question.Provisional schedule. Create a plan of your future work, including the interim deadlines, tied to the calendar.Final Tip on Dissertation ProposalTo make sure that your dissertation proposal meets the general requirements, try to look through a dissertation proposal sample. You may ask your friends for a dissertation proposal sample or find it in the web. If you like the topic of your dissertation, proposal will become a very interesting piece of writing.

Discuss victimization of Children that are exposed to domestic Essay

Discuss victimization of Children that are exposed to domestic violence and the long term impact - Essay Example Individuals who are directly targeted in domestic violence are not only suffering its adverse effects; others, especially children, are even experiencing the negative effects of this sort of violent behavior. Children are being exposed to this sort of violence in their everyday life in different forms; exposure might be in form of hearing, seeing, experiencing and being informed about such assaults. According to the US Census Bureau, during 2001 a total of 15.5 million children were living in households where domestic violence was taking place (McDonald, 2007). Children who are violated in cases of domestic violence are not only the ones being negatively impacted; even children who live in households where domestically violent activities are taking place are being negatively impacted. The degree of impact may vary according to factors such as age, sex, frequency, and whether the child has been directly abused or has experienced indirect abuse. The negative effects domestic violence on children are said to be short as well as long term in nature. Short term negative effects associated with domestic violence include: increase in anxiousness, depressing state of mind, and depreciated level of performance in academic life and self-esteem. The long-term negative effects associated with domestic violence are those concerning the way domestically violated children exhibit as they grow up. College going students that have been violated indirectly reported the various issues stated in the short term negative effects of this kind of violence as compared to those college students that do not experience intimate partner violence (Stark, 2009). Studies even report that individuals who have been abused sexually and emotionally in childhood have even reported the same kinds of abuse in their adulthood (Stark, 2009). The social learning theory states that if children observe

Existentialism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Existentialism - Essay Example If the tragic hero Oedipus could assert in his conscious pain that "all is well", Camus's concept of 'Sisyphus Happy' must be accurate because, it is true that "there is no fate that cannot be surmounted by scorn" (121). Camus enumerates the passions that define Sisyphus-"his scorn of the gods, his hatred of death and his passion for life." These have gained him the most unspeakable of penalties in which he has to strive with all his heart and might to accomplish nothing. But exerting oneself to accomplish nothing is a classic example of negation, and Sisyphus must have seen that adding the emotion of joy to his labors would be the best way of negating the gods-admittedly, one of his prime interests. Therefore, when Camus says that Sisyphus, the 'proletarian of the gods' is Sisyphus Happy-the statement is irrefutable. For Sisyphus was said to have been the wisest of mortals. Camus reminds us that the fate of modern man in the modern workplace, working every day at the same tasks, is no less absurd than that of Sisyphus. Modern man then lives and works in true absurd fashion, but the birth of the tragic, the opportunity for heroism, the potential for authentic existence only becomes possible in those rare moments when he becomes aware of the absurdity. Sisyphus's strength, as well as his joy, rises out of his consciousness of his condition. Out of consciousness, out of awareness, out of lucidity springs Sisyphus's victory over the rock, over the gods, over the oppression of his situation. The films of Charlie Chaplin depict beautifully the absurdity at the heart of much of human endeavor in 'modern times.' Chaplin shows that the modern absurd hero is the man who is aware of the absurdity of his condition. Such a man can overcome the oppressiveness of his life and work by means of the weapon of scorn. He does not hope to achieve happiness because of his work, or as a consequence of it. However, the weapon of scorn gives him the feeling of joy while engaged in the work. That joy is his way of achieving mastery over the work as well as over any who may have hoped that the work would frustrate his soul. On the other hand, unmixed joy would not be the absurd hero's chosen cup of tea or bowl of vinegar. The emotion of joy cannot be divorced from the experience of pain and sorrow. Sisyphus's descent is therefore, sometimes done in sorrow. Camus believes that the sorrow was in the beginning, when memories of the earth plagued his soul. At times like these, the rock triumphs. But Sisyphus rarely allows himself such lugubriousness or such agonizing. Most of his effort is undertaken, in Camus's vision, in silent joy. This is because Sisyphus knows that "His fate belongs to him. His rock is his thing" (123). It is his rock-not the rock of the gods, not the instrument devised by the gods to punish him-but something that defines him, that expresses the essence of his spirit, his existence, and his supreme scorn for pompous authority. The Last Castle is a movie starring Robert Redford in the role of former general who has been sent to a prison under the control of an officious Chief Warden. The film highlights a penalty inflicted by the Warden on the imprisoned general for a minor offense. The punishment involved the single-handed lifting and transportation of a large heap

Custom Term Papers: Hamlet’s Heroine, Ophelia -- GCSE English Literatu

Hamlet’s Heroine, Ophelia In Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet there is, technically, no heroine. But the female character who comes closest to qualifying for the role is not Gertrude, whose sinful past precludes this, but rather Ophelia, the â€Å"universal victim† of the drama. She is truly a good, upright person although she is victimized by her father, brother and boyfriend. Harry Levin, in the General Introduction to The Riverside Shakespeare, elaborates on the special kind of prose which the dramatist uses with Ophelia when she suffers her madness: Though there is no invariable rule, the comic scenes are frequently in prose, whereas the tragic scenes are usually in verse. Yet some of the most tragic, notably Ophelia’s made scenes and the sleep-walking scene of Lady Macbeth, are in that special kind of distracted prose which Shakespeare reserved for moments of mental distraction, when the fragments of suppressed emotion well up from the unconscious. (11) Shakespeare’s use of distinctive language is one consideration concerning Ophelia. Another is her victimization. Gunnar Boklund in â€Å"Hamlet† performs a partial-analysis on the character of Ophelia in Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet: The only character who is presented almost entirely as a victim is Ophelia, a victim of the King’s fear and curiosity, her father’s servility and fundamental indifference to her, Hamlet’s misunderstanding of the situation and brutal treatment of her, and finally his fatal thrust through the arras in the closet scene. Her madness is, as I see it, a purely pathetic element in the play. In the world where Hamlet has been forced to act, there appears to be no room for passive and obedient innocence. It is crushed, and perishes. (123) The p... ...: Madness Her Only Safe Haven.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from â€Å"Hamlet†: A User’s Guide. New York: Limelight Editions, 1996. Pitt, Angela. â€Å"Women in Shakespeare’s Tragedies.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Excerpted from Shakespeare’s Women. N.p.: n.p., 1981. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1907–21; New York: Bartleby.com, 2000 http://www.bartleby.com/215/0816.html Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. â€Å"Shakespeare.† Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.

Reebok Marketing Plan

Reebok Realflex| By The Breezers: Mannan Wu Abbey Barnes Chase Carraro Mohammed Baamer Deborah Dani Dylan By The Breezers: Mannan Wu Abbey Barnes Chase Carraro Mohammed Baamer Deborah Dani Dylan Final Marketing Plan| Professor Quinlan-Wilder November 16, 2011 Marketing 2800 Professor Quinlan-Wilder November 16, 2011 Marketing 2800 | | Executive Summary Reebok prides itself on creating products to enhance athletic ability. Upon formation of the company, Reebok has been dedicated to making athletes faster. Since then, Reebok has evolved into the world’s second largest maker of athletic apparel and is a leader in the shoe industry.Now Reebok will pave the way with its answer to the latest craze in fitness and in running. The Reebok Realflex will dominate the competition through altering some aspects of the marketing mix and introducing the Realflex shoe as a healthy shoe meant to better consumer fitness. Taking into consideration the SWOT analysis, which pinpoints Reeboks can imp rove and the things Reebok are already doing well, the target markets can be better identified and the marketing mix can be better modified. When looking at target markets, Reebok has narrowed its markets to college aged adults interested in maintaining fitness, and individuals between 40-65.To the younger target market, Reebok needs to convey enhancing the athletic performance. To the aging population, Reebok needs to establish that using their product will enhance health. By modifying its current marketing mix Reebok can meet the needs of consumers. Price will be at the median range of shoe costs as that makes the most sense for our target markets. Reebok wants to provide an affordable shoe that does not cost as much as other barefoot running shoes, but offers all the health benefits of natural running. However, too low of a price lowers the value of the product in the minds of buyers and will be detrimental to business.While price plays an important role in marketing the Reebok R ealflex, placement of the product will be where Reeboks competition is located. The shoes will be placed in major chains, like Dick’s Sporting Goods, Sports Authority, and Reebok stores themselves. In addition, Reebok will plan to give pairs of shoes to major gym chains, like 24 Hour Fitness, and let the trainers try the product as a way to recommend it to the desired target markets. When the shoes are in displays, the Realflex must be â€Å"front and center† to grab consumer attention from the moment they enter the store.Aside from price, promotion of the product will be one of the most vital keys to the Realflex success. Reebok will reposition themselves in the mind of their desired consumers. Though Reebok often uses testimonials and vibrant color to catch attention, the new promotional strategy will also focus on the concern that Reebok has for the health of consumers and for enhancing their performance. In many ways the new promotional strategy relies on correctin g previous errors of the company (Easytone) and in a discrete way build trust among consumers who use Reebok products and shape them into loyal repeat customers.The most important component of the marketing mix is the product. Reebok has created a product for the sheer purpose to better the health and improve the athletic ability of consumers. It is clear that Reebok believes in the product it has created. There is science to confirm the fact that natural running has numerous health benefits and does enhance athletic performance. Reebok has made a product where science meets style, and satisfies the needs of consumers. It is imperative that Reebok convey this genuine message to consumers.Doing so will build Reebok into a better business, increasing its market share, overall growth and profit. Table of Contents Introduction3 Situational Analysis4 The Company4 Current Marketing Mix4 Features and Benefits5 Current Product Life Cycle5 The Industry5 Environmental Forces7 Competition8 SWO T Analysis11 Critical Issues and Marketing Objectives13 Segmenting, Targeting, and Positioning14 Segmenting14 Targeting14 Positioning17 Positioning Statements18 MarketTrak Tool26 Conclusion28 Appendices29 Appendix A – Competition Table29 Appendix B – SWOT Analysis30 Appendix C – Positioning Map 1: College Students31Appendix D – Positioning Map 2: Baby Boomers32 Appendix E – RealFlex Packaging34 Appendix F – Magazine Advertisement35 Appendix G – Billboard Advertisement36 Appendix H – Pro-nation Advertisement37 Appendix I – Billboard Advertisement38 Appendix K – Glossary of Terms45 Bibliography46 Introduction The footwear industry is a competitive market. Two important components in this industry are the quality and marketing of the products. Reebok is a company with a long history in the footwear market and a marketing mix makeover for RealFlex could very well put the company back on top.By increasing the focus on the health benefits for older generations and aesthetically pleasing innovation for younger generations, Reebok will be able to cover wider demographics, thus increasing sales. This is a product which needs to be on the feet of consumers, because once that happens; the footwear will speak for itself. The remainder of this marketing plan is organized as follows: First, it will examine the company of Reebok and its background in the athletic shoe industry. Then, this plan will discuss Reebok’s major competitors and fully describe its SWOT analysis.Next, this plan will look at the first part of the proposed marketing strategy, to include the proposed ideas for segmenting, targeting, and positioning of the RealFlex shoes. Finally, the plan will be concluded with ideas for the proposed marketing mix plan of this product and then a re-emphasis of why this plan will help RealFlex become Reebok’s number one shoe. Situational Analysis The Company The Mission at Reebok is to be on the cutting-edge of sport and lifestyle products built upon a strong heritage in sports (Reebok, 2011).Reebok strives to challenge convention and lead through creativity and have been doing so for over 100 years (Reebok, 2011). The company was founded on one important value in the 1890’s, helping athletes run faster (Reebok, 2011). Since then the main vision has been to help athletes fulfill their potential (Reebok, 2011). Reebok is an American- inspired global brand, which celebrates individuality of the athlete while also helping the athlete to obtain goals they once thought unattainable (Reebok, 2011). Reebok is a subsidiary of Adidas Sportswear. Current Marketing MixProduct and Pricing: RealFlex Footwear is a Reebok innovation designed to give the foot a barefoot feel through natural movement while providing the comfort of a high-quality running shoe (Businessweek, 20011). RealFlex features 76 independent â€Å"sensors† on the bottom of the shoe which are design ed to naturally conform to the motion of the foot (Businessweek, 2011). This technology allows the foot to be 20% lower to the ground, which helps to re-create the feeling of bare feet (Tuttle, 2011). The RealFlex is priced at retail for $89.. 99, which Reebok feels is an affordable and fair price for this first-of-its-kind shoe (Businessweek, 2011).Promotion and Placement: Advertising for this shoe has been centered on the 76 â€Å"running buddies† or tread sensors, which make for natural movement of the foot (Reebok, 2011). RealFlex is also advertised to make the customers running style more pure through the barefoot feel. These shoes have been advertised through a commercial ad campaign which digitally animates the 76 running buddies as trail-running enthusiasts (Reebok, 2011). These shoes can be purchased online at Reebok. com as well as through various large-chain department stores such as Dillard’s, Nordstrom and Macy’s.Features and Benefits The RealFlex o ffers customers many different features. The top feature of the footwear lies in the sole of the shoe where there are 76 individual tread sensors. Other features include lightweight materials, breathability, and the ability for customers to customize their own pair of shoes. The benefits, or how the shoe actually helps the customer, are primarily based around the fact that RealFlex is a minimalist shoe. The barefoot technology featured in this footwear has been proven to strengthen legs so that runners can run faster for longer.Since this is a barefoot shoe, runners get all the benefits of running barefoot without extra damage to their feet. Current Product Life Cycle Realflex has only been on the market for about seven months and Reebok is still attempting to win over the customer’s preference through current advertising, promotions, and word of mouth (Reebok, 2011). Although RealFlex technology is a new idea in the world of â€Å"barefoot-style† running shoes, this p roduct is no longer in the growth stage. Athletic running shoes, including Realflex, are considered to be in the maturity stage.The Industry The United States footwear industry consists of makers of â€Å"non-cleated† rubber and plastic footwear that are meant for fitness and athletic purposes. The companies that are competing in this industry are dedicated to creating performance footwear so that they can give the customer more value and utility. Each company then segments its product lines to better satisfy the many different customer needs (Tufts University, 2006). However, there is significant overlap in the types of shoes that the athletic footwear industry sells.The athletic footwear industry is dominated by more than 230 manufacturers that make up over 50% of the market share (Hoovers Inc, 2006). However, there are only 19 companies that are actually competing in the athletic shoes industry. Reebok dominated the athletic footwear market until the late 1980’s whe n Nike made its sudden rise to power (Tufts University, 2006). Considering to market share, Nike leads the pack and is projected to continue growing as it expands more into China and India (Woolsey, 2007). However, in 2005, Adidas merged with Reebok in an attempt to raise the stakes in the competition with Nike (Howard, 2005).Price is one of the four categories in the marketing mix. A good pricing strategy is vital to every company. There are many different elements that can influence pricing such as unique technological product features, prominent brand names, celebrity endorsements and higher quality materials (Walker, 2005). There are some brands of shoes that sell for more than $200, such as the Nike Michael Jordan 2011 shoes, and there are brands that sell for less than $50 (Nike, 2011). However, it is more common for shoes to sell for $85 – $110 (Nike, 2011). Each company’s promotional tactics bear differences and similarities.While Reebok started with the primar y goal of improving athletic performance with its hi-tech running shoes, Nike began by specializing in running shoes and has since formed its own â€Å"running culture† by sponsoring major running events like the Chicago Marathon (Reebok, 2011). In fact, athletic shoe companies sponsoring races ranging from small track meets to nationally elite races, such as the Boston Marathon, are quite common in this industry (B. A. A. , 2011). A company will attend one of these events in order to promote its product as well as to help give back to the community (B. A. A. , 2011).These events provide very good advertising for the company and increase product visibility. Environmental Forces There are two types of environmental forces, macro and micro. Here, the macro environmental forces that affect Reebok are examined. These forces consist of social, economic, technical, regulatory, and competitive. These forces are external and usually uncontrollable. Social: Whether it is a change in d iet or an adoption of a fitness regimen, Americans are trying to improve their health. Sources say that Americans are exercising more, especially when compared to 2001(CNN Health, 2007).Health is becoming an American priority especially for younger generations (Saxena, 2010). Since fitness is becoming more of a lifestyle, running can be considered a growing trend. Fitness junkies and avid runners are starting to wear more and more â€Å"natural running† inspired shoes (Johnston, 2011) The Reebok RealFlex is the response to this growing trend (Runners World, 2011). Economic: With the economy taking a major downturn, fewer Americans can afford expensive gym memberships or personal trainers but still feel the need to be fit.Since the economy has been slow, Americans are turning to more affordable ways of exercising (Wilkes, 2011). One of the most affordable ways to get fit is to go running. There has been a spike in the sale of athletic shoes since the U. S. has begun to struggl e more with the economy. In fact, there was a 3% increase in the sale of athletic footwear in 2010 alone (Lets Run, 2010). Technological: Keeping up with the technology involved in running is a constant concern for innovative companies since the type of shoe a person wears can affect their performance.The weight of a shoe can affect the stride and development of the muscle (Runners World, 2011). The weights of shoes are also believed to affect races times and can mean the difference between a win and a loss (Lovett, 2010). It is imperative that athletic shoe companies are innovative in providing products that really do improve athletic performance without compromising the health of the consumer. Regulatory: Two regulatory entities that should be considered are the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The actions taken by the FTC and SEC are meant to protect consumers.Reebok recently settled a dispute with the FTC regarding false advertisin g of its Easytone shoes (Forden, 2011). This dispute was because Reebok claimed that its Easytone shoes were proven to actually strengthen buttock muscles by 28% and build calf muscles by 11% (Forden, 2011). The finalization of the dispute ended up costing Reebok $25 million (Forden, 2011). Competitive: In terms of competition there are significant barriers to entry, especially with light-weight performance shoes. Many companies are focusing on making light weight shoes a core competency.However, the question of which company has greater competitive advantage in the market is yet to be determined. Vibrams, the creator of the original natural running shoe, set up its web site to highlight the scientifically proven health benefits of natural running (Pain from Running, 2011). Additionally, Nike dominates the athletic apparel industry and pioneered the way for performance shoes when Bill Bowerman used his wife’s waffle iron to make the first prototype of his own light weight sho e (Vann, 2011). Competition Reebok faces fierce competition from all sides.The athletic shoe industry is quite large and very competitive. Reebok receives most of its competition from Nike. In addition to Nike, Reebok goes up against Asics and New balance for direct competition, as these companies all sell shoes similar to Reebok’s Realflex. Deckers Outdoor Corporation is considered indirect competition as it sells non-athletic footwear. Nike: Nike is the number one producer of athletic shoes in the world. One of Nike’s greatest strengths is brand recognition and branding. Nike’s slogan, â€Å"Just do it,† along with the famous â€Å"swoosh,† are known worldwide (Marketing Teacher LTD, 2011).Nike is continuously changing and updating its products and advertising. The company uses many different marketing strategies which are geared for several different target markets (Nike, Inc, 2010). Nike, like Reebok, does not manufacture the shoes it sells. In stead Nike hires subcontractors in other countries who manufacture the shoes. These manufacturers then ship the shoes to other companies to sell. This can be both a weakness and a strength for Nike. It is a weakness because of the dependency on the overseas manufacturer. However, it is also a strength because Nike’s money can now be sed for expanding its product line or on a new advertising campaign instead of on the purchase and upkeep of buildings (Marketing Teacher LTD, 2011). Asics: In 2009 Asics celebrated the grand opening of its first stand-alone U. S. store located in New York (Asics, 2009). This store also featured the revolutionizing 3-D Foot ID to help the wearer become matched to the perfect shoe for them. The expansion of Asics in New York has allowed greater influence of the brand name across the U. S. , which has helped to increase sales revenues (Just-Style, 2009).Asics just launched an all-out advertising campaign in 2011 that included TV, radio, Internet, pr int as well as being a co-sponsor in the ING New York Marathon (Fashion United, 2011). One of the weaknesses of this campaign is the disproportionate focus on the overseas market compared to the U. S. market (Fashion United, 2011). Asics’ cash flow and net income had been falling slowly for several years and it needed to do something to improve profits. This campaign was extremely expensive but already Asics is seeing a return from investment and an increase in its net income (Larmann, 2011).New Balance: New Balance’s top strength would be the technology and innovation of its new products (New Balance, 2011). Every year New Balance creates a new and updated product with all the latest in technology. In addition, The New Balance Foundation has given back more than $40 million to the community and non-profit organizations (New Balance, 2011). More than 50% of consumers want to purchase a product if they know that a portion of the profits will go to charity (Strahilevitz & Myers, 1997). New Balance relies on promotion through the sponsorship of races and fitness activities instead of using celebrity endorsements (Johnson, 1998).The strength of not using celebrities is that the price of the shoe will be less for the consumer since New Balance does not pay for the endorsements. However, the downside to this is that the younger generation is attracted to shoes that have been associated with top celebrities (Johnson, 1998). Deckers Outdoor Corporation: Deckers is an indirect competitor for Reebok because they do not specialize in athletic footwear but instead are focused mainly on high-quality sheepskin boots and sandals (Wikipedia, 2011). Deckers’ biggest strength is its quality. The company is focused on roducing very high-quality products while lowering the impact to the environment (Deckers, 2011). Deckers helps to lower the impact to the environment by using a lot of recycled materials for the creation of its products (Deckers, 2011). More t han 30% of consumers want to purchase environmentally friendly products (American Express, 2010). One of Deckers weaknesses is that it has focused about 75% of its efforts in advertising to the U. S. This strategy has resulted in a higher market share for the US but a lower share across the nations (Deckers, 2011).Deckers is now working harder than ever to increase the sales of products in its overseas locations (Deckers, 2011). (See Appendix A – Competition Table) SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis is a critical portion of every marketing plan. It outlines the company’s Strengths and Weaknesses, and the market’s Opportunities and Threats that pertain to the product (Wikipedia, 2011). The SWOT analysis is an important step in planning as it outlines whether the information will assist the company in completing its objectives or if there will be an obstacle that must be moved first.Strengths: The Reebok Realflex barefoot shoes have several strengths integral to the pr oducts current and future success. The Realflex is scientifically proven to reduce the risk of foot injury since it is made of strong materials that resist distortion by weather and sharp objects (Sturtz, 2011). The Realflex has 76 independent sensors on the bottom of the shoe that adapt to all training surfaces and promote natural movement (India Infoline Ltd, 2011). Reebok also produces outfits to match the colors of shoes and color customization on new Realflex purchases to meet customers’ needs (Healthhabits, 2011).Reebok is one of the top athletic shoe companies in the U. S. with a market share around 20% and it has become more efficient through good corporate operation strategies aimed at restructuring and improving quality in the manufacturing process (Landrum & Boje, 2001). Reebok also prices its shoes to be around the average market price which helps to increase market share. Weaknesses: One of the weaknesses of the company is that Reebok has no factories and depends on overseas manufacturers for production of its products, consequently posing a risk since the contracted industries could stealReebok’s designs (Dunlap, 1925). Reebok owns few stores of its own but depends mostly on retail stores to order and deliver the products, which at times can be slow. This strategy causes retailers who sell the products to wait long periods of time before the products arrive, at which time they may not have the same popularity among customers (Hoovers, 2011). There are very few sponsors associated with Reebok which does not help to make it well known (Mercer, 1996). In addition, the company suffers from the previous release the Reebok Easytone, which claimed to tone legs and burn more calories while walking.This was actually revealed to be untrue by the American Council of fitness (Waehner, 2010). Essentially misleading consumers can cause them to be cautious of the Reebok label and they may instead choose to shop elsewhere (Nickson, 2010). Opportuni ties: There are several opportunities for Reebok, including expanding and reaching new markets with its new product. Reebok has the opportunity to appeal to baby boomers creating a new market for its type of shoe. They are a generation interested in staying active as they age.There is also the opportunity to market to active college students; it all depends on how the product will be presented. There is also the opportunity for product development since Reebok has released a new product into the current markets. Threats: There are many competitors offering a similar barefoot shoe product which is a threat to Reebok since competing companies, like Nike, are already established and globally recognized (Silva, 2011). In addition, technology is always changing and new products are continuously coming out into the market.The fast change in technology goes hand in hand with how society is constantly changing its mind, which poses a great threat due to the company’s low rate of tech nological advancement compared to the prevailing leaders (Kagz, 2001). Competing companies may introduce cheaper substitutes which the customers may opt to buy. Economic crises also pose another threat due to the weak purchasing power of the customers. As barefoot shoes are a want and not a need, the economic crisis may have people think twice before buying. See Appendix B – SWOT Analysis) Critical Issues and Marketing Objectives Critical Issue #1: Leverage Point: Healthy shoe (S) + New Market: Baby Boomers (O) Natural Running shoes offer health benefits and by advertising to a new market like baby boomers and the older generation (ages 40-65), Reebok has the chance to create a leverage point. Related Marketing Objective #1: Increase sales by 10% over the next year. Strategically place the product in areas whose demographics reflect a baby boomer population. Have the product easily accessible to the target market.Critical Issue #2: Constraint: Previous Faulty Products (W) + E xpanding the Market (O) Reeboks previous innovation in fitness, the Easytone, was proven to have no additional benefit to working out as they claimed. When Reebok does try to sell its product to a new market that may be more aware of Reebok’s previous mistake they may have no interest in purchasing the new technological innovation the RealFlex. Marketing Objective #2: Focus on the health benefits of RealFlex over regular shoes. Show consumers that Realflex can help improve strength in leg muscles. Increase shoe health awareness by 15% within one year.Critical Issue #3: Vulnerability: Healthful Shoes (S) + Changing shoe Technology (T) Reebok RealFelx shoes face vulnerability in the sense that while it may be producing shoes with health benefits, the competition could be offering shoes with even greater benefits, such as Virbram Five Fingers. Marketing Objective #3: Demonstrate to consumers how much Reebok invests in its consumers best interests. Focus shoe marketing not only o n the health benefits but how Reebok was able to pioneer the light weight shoe industry with its â€Å"sensors† on the bottom of the shoes.Segmenting, Targeting, and Positioning Segmenting Some of the possible ways of target segmentation for the Reebok Realflex shoes are geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioral. The geographical segmentation would focus on those consumers in the urban and suburban locations due to the high influence of social media. The demographic segmentation could target consumers with a yearly household income of greater than $35,000 as well as specific age groups, such as ages 18 – 44, as many purchasers of running shoes are ages 18 – 44 (Marginy Research Group, 2000).Reebok could also focus on the psychographic segmentation portion and gear it toward consumers who enjoy adventure and outdoors activities. Reebok decided to segment the markets into two separate groups. The first target market will focus on geographic and demogr aphic segmentation. This market will include college students between the ages of 18-24 who are adventurous. The second target market will focus on demographic and behavioral segmentation. This market will include those consumers who are in the older generation, like baby boomers. The older generations want to stay healthy and get into shape.The Realflex is perfect for this need, as the barefoot qualities of the Realflex strengthen legs and keep runners healthy. Targeting Target Market 1: The target market is for adventure seeking and active college students between the ages 18 and 24. These targeted college students usually reside in urban and suburban areas. The focus on these geographical locations is due to the idea that consumers in highly populated areas, such as a city, are more driven by the social media that surrounds them (Thompson, 2009). The targeted psychographic market segments are geared toward those consumers interested in competition and adventure.Reebok wants consu mers who want the shoes they wear to be able to handle anything during their fitness routine. â€Å"Americans who have adopted the lifestyle of Fit Consumers are risk-takers with an adventurous outlook on life. Fit Consumers retain a taste for adventure as they age† (Packaged Facts, 2007). The Realflex is a high-quality running shoe that is able to satisfy the needs of competitive, driven college student runners. The Realflex weighs only 8. 8 ounces for males and 7. 2 ounces for females (Jhung, 2011). This reduction in weight helps shave off seconds on a runner’s time.This gives the runner a competitive advantage over those runners who are not using lightweight shoes (Jhung, 2011). These students are always looking for the next best thing to own, especially when it comes to shoes (Trend Watching, 2011). They want high-quality, lightweight shoes for a great price. Students also want to know that the product they buy and wear is something that will help improve their sta nding in society (Trend Watching, 2011). Reebok can give that customer value, and more, to this target market. The college student target market is 18. 6 million, which is a 22% increase over the last 8 years alone (Davis & Bauman, 2011).With a larger target market there will be a higher cost to reach the audience. However, with a slight increase in advertising geared toward this growing market, Reebok will be able to reach this group and increase sales by 10% within 1 year. (See Appendix C – Positioning Map 1: College Students) Target Market 2: Aside from the younger generations, baby boomers and the aging population (40-65) are looking to preserve as well as better their health. Reebok wants to attract the consumers who will find its product integral to the way they want to look and feel as these consumers will â€Å"place a high priority on their health† (Packaged Facts, 2007).They consider running part of a healthy and active lifestyle. Studies suggest that baby bo omers and aging populations are much more active than they used to be. In 2005, baby boomers comprised one fourth of the health club memberships (msnbc, 2005). However, these consumers may not all be high users. Some of them may only visit the gym a couple of times a month or only run a few miles a week. Baby boomers are redefining what it means to retire and enjoy old age, they are not anticipated to flock to an â€Å"age segregated community† and many will likely continue working in some capacity (Brandon, 2010).However not all Boomers have a high disposable income in fact, they are considered a sandwich generation were they are assisting their own parents while financing their children’s educations. With Boomers still maintaining busy schedule it is also important to consider the usage rate that would justify the purchase of Reebok Realflex shoes. They may seem themselves needing a â€Å"healthy shoe† meant for their variations in fitness regimen. This same n eed can be applied to the aging portions of the population. The trend of healthy living is catching on and the market for healthful products, like quality running shoes will continue to grow.In consideration to Critical Issue #1 of advertising to the market of baby boomers, the Realflex shoe has a considerable leverage point given that it is a scientific fact that natural running shoes offer health benefits. It is also a fact that light weight running shoes are built to endure fewer miles because they offer less cushioning however they offer health benefits like a â€Å"natural running sensation†(Run/Split, 2011). It is the use and health benefits that are more likely to draw Boomers to the product. In regard to the marketing objective of increasing sales by 10% over the next year,Reebok plans to place its product in gyms by giving a pair to local trainers to act as opinion leaders and encourage boomers to purchase them. Reebok also plans to place the product in convenient pl aces for purchases, such as mall outlets to increase product visibility as well as specialty stores. (See Appendix D – Positioning Map 2: Baby Boomers) Positioning Beginning in 2009, Reebok started executing strategies in order to position its running shoes in a more technologically advanced, higher quality and flexible category which helps to differentiate the shoes from other athletic brands and place it toward the high-end footwear brands.Reebok’s mission is to become an outstanding sport and lifestyle brand and offer many primary sports products (Adidas, 2011). In regards to the younger generation, there needs to be an emphasis on the fact that Reebok is a fashionable shoe to wear while either getting fit or just out taking a stroll. Reebok can position this product as being both quality and healthful by occupying the front window of athletic stores. While doing so may increase the cost of promotion, it sends a message to the younger generation that the product is popular, and at a minimum increases visibility making the product more widely known.There will not need to be repositioning for this target market. In consideration to the second target market, baby boomers and aging populations, there will be some repositioning that needs to take place. As previously noted Reebok made the mistake of producing a product that did not have all the health benefits the company claimed. In fact, the Reebok Easytone has been rumored to have done more harm to customers than good. It is the older populations who are more likely to be aware of this mistake which means that Reebok would need to reposition this product in the mind of older consumers.Both of these methods will increase consumer spending on Reeboks product and assist in attaining the goal of a 10% increase in sales within one year. In regards to the second marketing objective, placing the product in gyms and actively seeking feedback from users shows the interest that Reebok has taken in demonst rating that its products are of high quality. Similar is the third marketing objective, concerned with the proving that Reebok is an innovator in the shoe industry, this is accomplished not only through placing the product in gyms and giving trials to first time buyers but also through actively seeking feedback from users.The feedback Reebok receives form users will help in creating lighter, even higher quality products to better satisfy consumer needs and enhance their athletic performance. Positioning Statements Positioning Statement 1: For college students who typically maintain an active lifestyle and like access to new products, Realflex footwear is the latest model of Reebok running shoes with advanced technologies to improve athletic results as well as allow consumers to customize the color of the shoes.Positioning Statement 2: For baby boomers that pursue a healthy lifestyle, Reebok Realflex footwear is the natural running shoe with high tech soles and light-weight materials that is designed to provide the health benefits of natural running. Proposed Marketing Strategy Product Reebok would not be doing any product modification to the RealFlex shoes. Instead, Reebok would be focusing on enhancing the RealFlex image while on store shelves. Reebok would make the shoes as appealing to the consumer as possible. An efficient way to appeal to consumers is to offer a more classic look in stores while also offering the benefits of RealFlex.Reebok would offer basic colored shoes in stores such as navy, gray, black, and white, along with accent colors such as blue, red, and green. The more eccentric colors, like orange and yellow, would be available online when customizing the shoes. This will be an effective strategy for the RealFlex because it would attract more customers who are looking for a dual-purpose shoe to fit their everyday lifestyle. This strategy is designed to attract customers who are not looking for flamboyant aesthetics in their shoe choice.This is based on the belief that classic colors will cover a larger demographic, while still having more specific needs accessible online. These shoes will be packaged in a simply designed box that features bare feet and the Reebok RealFlex logo. Shoe packaging tends to be generally more functional than appealing to the consumer as the shoes can sell themselves (Packaged Facts, 1998). However, consumers enjoy showing off their latest purchases, and this newly designed box has the perfect accent to combine with the Realfex shoes. (See appendix E – RealFlex Packaging) PricingPricing is an important factor that affects the marketing of a product and consumers’ attitudes toward that product. Consumers tend to shop for lower-priced commodities so long as quality is not compromised (Daly, 2002). In order to arrive at a fair price for the RealFlex shoes, Reebok considered several different pricing strategies and evaluated the effectiveness of each strategy in line with its marketi ng plan objectives. The best price strategy for the RealFlex shoes is the At-Market Pricing Strategy. Reebok set the base price at $89. 99, with the customization options ranging from $5-$15 extra.The price is comparable to the market price and to what the competitors are offering. Reebok’s largest competitor, Nike, is offering similar shoes at the same price (Nike, 2011). However, New Balance sells its similar shoes for $95 while Asics sells its shoes for only $85 (New Balance, 2011). This pricing strategy allows Reebok to make a profit while still encouraging for a larger market share. Reebok wants to attract active college students and baby boomers to purchase the product because of its high quality and average price among rivals.There is a large portion of the target market, college students in particular, that are unemployed due to full-time school or retirement. Reebok’s pricing strategy is designed to enable the company to achieve a large and dominant market in line with the marketing objectives. The At-Market Pricing Strategy achieves objectives and enhances profits. Placement Reebok will market the Realflex primarily through retail channels. This is done because in-store shopping is one of the most important portions of the customer decision-making process when purchasing a product.A few of these retail channels will include Foot Locker, Athlete's Foot, and Champs Sports. Reebok will concentrate more heavily on placement in states where residents are more likely to engage in a healthy and active lifestyle, such as Colorado, Oregon, and Minnesota (Nash, 2010). Through the use of these channels and placement, Reebok can raise its brand awareness and increase customer loyalty. Reebok wants the retail environment to highlight its brand value as â€Å"inspirational, athletic, fun, and interactive† (Adidas, 2011).One of the target markets, baby boomers and the older generations, want to purchase high quality products in order to maintai n their health (Health Goji, 2010). They enjoy going to the retail chains so that they can try on the shoes and make sure that they feel good while walking. They are also able to go online if they do not find the color that they like and they can purchase from the Reebok website. The other target market, college students between the ages of 18-24, wants to purchase shoes that go with their physical appearance (Makgosa ; Mohube, 2007).They enjoy going to the retail chains so that they can try on the shoes and make sure that they look good while walking or running. This market can also go online if they would like to customize their shoes to have a little more color. Promotional Plan Health and enhancing athletic performance will be at the forefront of the Reebok Realflex promotional campaign. The shoe itself is meant to provide the sensation of natural running while still protecting the consumer’s feet. This will allow the consumer to be able to run the extra mile that complet e barefoot shoes will not allow.There is a big difference as to how far athletes can run in barefoot shoes opposed to actual running shoes. Reebok wants to convey to consumers that it is concerned with their health and it is dedicated to improving their athletic abilities through the use of the Realflex shoe. It is evident that consumers in both target markets, college students as well as the older generations, are concerned with their health. However, there will be a greater emphasis on the health benefits to the older generation, as this is a major appeal. It is common practice in athletic apparel to feature fit models using the product in beautiful locations.Reebok would follow suit. Reebok needs to communicate that â€Å"no matter where you are, you can take health with you with the Realflex shoe† This message could be particularly effective when considering older generations. They are more likely to travel and are redefining â€Å"retirement. † By positioning the product as healthy and useful there is a direct appeal to the needs of Reeboks’ aging consumers. (See Appendix F – Magazine Advertisement and Appendix G – Billboard Advertisement). With regards to younger consumers, like college students, there will be an emphasis on the message that the Realflex is meant for their active lifestyle.It is designed to enhance athletic performance because as a natural running shoe it alters the pronation in the foot as it strikes the ground increasing the amount of work the muscles do when the shoes are being used. It enhances the workout for these younger generations, especially those who are aware of the benefits of natural running (Appendix H – Advertisement). It is imperative that both target markets are able to view the product as both healthful and athletic. The key issue that must be avoided is that the style of the shoe is not exclusive to either target market.This issue can be resolved through the use of blending th e concepts of health and athletic performance in advertisements. Reebok intends to do this primarily through advertisements featuring outdoor settings and races. (See Appendix I – Billboard Advertising) Television commercials could prove more useful as a mode of advertisement. With the Reebok Easytone shoe, Reebok spent $64 million on advertisements of the Easytone shoe. Sales of that particular shoe increased until it was discovered that Reebok used faulty advertising as a means to sell the shoe ( (Morran, 2011).The campaign for the Easytone shoe was one of Reeboks largest in a decade. For the Easytone shoe television ads were highly effective in reaching target markets and increased sales. Reebok is hoping for a similar effect when it comes to the Realflex shoes. Many other companies also use television as a means to advertise because it can reach millions of consumers for only pennies on the dollar. A smaller athletic company, Asics debuted a new national advertising campa ign and the ING New York City Marathon, some of which includes television ads. In correlation with their new campaign they have also seen increases in profit (Asics, 2011).Aside from television, another mode to advertise to consumers is through magazines like that are specific to fitness and popular culture. Magazines that Reebok wants to place its full page ads in would be Runners World, Women’s and Men’s Health magazines, Shape, GQ and Cosmopolitan. These are the magazines which are better suited to reach both target markets. The anticipated cost for full page ads in these magazines range from $20,000-$25,000, however, these prices can fluctuate depending on the magazine and how much of a region it covers (Becket, 2009)..Magazines like Runners World and Running Times are the most vital to communicate how viable the Reebok Realflex is as a running shoe. In a lot of ways it is the way to get a seal of approval as a product. The more runners Reebok can get to buy the sh oe, the greater the visibility and the more likely others are to follow suit and purchase their own pair of Realflex shoes. While television and magazines are useful, one of the best ways to gain attention in the world of fitness is to be present at major running events like races and expoe’s.Brooks Running shoes sponsor some Rock and Roll Race events; one of their biggest is the Denver Rock and Roll Marathon. They have nearly half of the floor to showcase their products and their benefits. Not to mention that they are able to make those last minute sales to participants. Participation in major races like, half marathons, full marathons, national race teams, Reebok again increases visibility and is able to position their product as a product for fitness. Costs of sponsoring races vary depending on the size of the race.However, Reebok could take a different approach and rather than advertise and sponsor at a major races like Chicago, NYC and Boston Marathons, sponsor multiple races in the Rock and Roll Marathon series which features over twelve races in the United States and three in Europe. Through these modes of advertising Reebok is able to reach both target markets and convey the healthfulness and the athletic performance benefits that come with the use of the Realflex shoes. In regards to sales promotions, Reebok will utilize both retailers and consumers to increase product visibility.However, Reebok will focus on going primarily after the consumer, through consumer sales promotions. Methods Reebok intends to use would be product samples and prizes. We would let the consumer try one Reebok product in the store and test it out for a day and if they do not like it, tell Reebok why to refund the purchase. Another tactic to take advantage of and redeem Reebok from the Easytone bad press would be when consumers bring in a pair of Easytone shoes Receive half off of the purchase of Realflex shoes. This specific method, allows Reebok to do damage control th rough public relations of sorts.Reebok can pick specific locations where previous buyers of the Easytone shoes can return their purchase for half price pair of Realflex shoes. It is imperative that to successfully launch and market a product that Reebok fix their previous indiscretions in regard to the Easytone shoes. As discussed earlier, advertising will play a major role in positioning the Realflex as both healthful and performance enhancing. It will be what the consumer sees in their magazines, on their televisions and in their gyms. However, the personal selling aspect will also define how the customer views the product when they come into a store to purchase them.While Reebok has its products in major athletic stores like Dicks Sporting Goods and Sports Authority, it’s important to make sure the retailers are well informed about the product, and provide the opportunity to test out the shoe on treadmills before purchase. In regards to the actual Reebok stores, retailers there need to take interest in creating a unique purchasing experience for the consumer. This can be done through acute attention to consumer needs and demonstrations of the products use, and the ability to test out the products in the store.When it comes to selling, Reebok Retailers need to sit one on one with consumers and be attentive to their needs. While this method may be expensive it will provide that unique customer experience and encourage repeat business. Sales promotions will also be done through visibility at expos and major races. Asics provides supplies for the New York City Marathon and Brooks provides supplies for the Rock and Roll Marathon series which allows them to dominate pre and post-race expos to encourage buying. It also increases visibility among consumers who are likely to buy the product.This method allows Reebok to go to the consumers rather than trying to get them to come to a store. While the fees can be expensive, there is probability that consumers wi ll see the product and the company as one with their best interests at heart. Similar to being present at expos would be an adaptation of contests, ask small local races where participation is below three thousand and give a free pair to each race winner or each division. This is a means to also build good will among potential consumers and entice potential runners into competing.The least used promotional element will be direct marketing, as the cost of communication through mail and telephone. The one way Reebok would consider using mail as a means to communicate with consumers would be to send notices regarding the shoe with an explanation of the healthy benefits. The mail would also only go to previous customers to encourage business or members of a loyalty program as they may be more likely to want to purchase the product, if they have been satisfied with their previous purchases.With all of the factors of the promotional mix in mind the most effective strategy for Promote the Realflex shoe would be the Push strategy where personal selling is directed to intermediaries. It’s is easier to utilize a pull strategy because it allows greater accessibility to the product by already placing the shoe in malls and specialty stores. What is important to recognize is that each piece of the promotional mix fits together to convey a single coherent message to consumers, Reebok is a company committed to producing quality products to enhance health and athletic performance.The variation in the promotional mix will be used as a means to communicate this message to target markets. The variety in methods will ensure that since Reebok is seeking older generations (40-65) as well as those aged 18-24 who are active, they are destined to come into contact with some type of positive promotion of the product. MarketTrak Tool Reebok uses a MarketTrak spreadsheet to show the projected cost of achieving its objectives for one year. This spreadsheet shows each of the three ma rketing objectives and breaks them down into several different tasks that can be completed within one year.Through the use of billboards, television commercials, sponsorship promotions, and website advertisements, Reebok hopes to achieve its marketing objectives. The first marketing objective on the MarketTrak spreadsheet is to increase sales by 10% within the first year. Reebok will achieve this goal with the use of billboards, magazine ads and special promotions. First, Reebok will design a billboard geared toward the older generations, aged 40-65, and strategically place them in areas that are largely populated by the older generations, like Tampa, FL, Austin, TX, and Phoenix, AR (Coach, 2011).Second, Reebok will place advertisements in special sports magazines, like Runner’s World and Sport’s Illustrated. Then, Reebok will offer several pairs of shoes for free to retail stores such as Dick’s Sporting Goods and Sports Authority. These shoes can be tried on th e treadmills at these stores so that consumers can see that the shoes are comfortable. Finally, Reebok will offer a discount price for 1 month on the shoes followed by 1 month of free shoe bags with purchase. The second marketing objective is to increase the awareness of the healthy nature of the Realflex shoe by 15%.This will be achieved by giving 500 free pairs of shoes to trainers in gyms that are located in ten of the healthiest cities across the United States, like Boston, MA, Portland, OR, and Denver, CO (Haiken, 2011). These shoes will be used by opinion leaders who are in a position to show just how comfortable and healthy these shoes are. In addition, Reebok will give two extra free pairs to each trainer so that they can use them to give away to a couple of lucky gym members. Finally, Reebok will create a television advertisement geared toward the specific health benefits of the shoes.The third and final marketing objective is to increase the awareness of Reebok’s in vestment in the consumer’s best interest. This will be done several different ways. To start, Reebok will create an online advertisement showing the overview of the lightweight shoe design and how the design helps with healthier running. Then, Reebok will add a new section onto its website explaining how much time and effort Reebok has gone to in order to create a shoe that really is better for your muscles and legs. Then, Reebok will design a moving billboard advertisement to be placed onto city buses that operate in large college cities, like Denver.This advertisement will show the wonders of the Realflex sensors. And finally Reebok will design a different television advertisement that shows all of these investments in our consumers. In order to ensure the success of each of these marketing strategies and tactics, Reebok’s marketing managers will have a meeting at the end of each month to go over each of the objectives to see how well they are working. These meetings will allow for each of the managers to learn what is going on, see if the objectives are being met, and improve anything that needs to be upgraded.This is done so that everything moves along smoothly and nothing is forgotten in the process. (See Appendix J – MarketTrak) Conclusion Reebok is positioning to be a high-end athletic footwear brand and a leader in its industry. In the next three years, the market development and product repositioning will allow Reebok to achieve its marketing objective which increases sales by 10%. College students and baby boomers alike can wear Realflex while performing a multitude of exercises. Its smart and stylish appearance allows it to be worn daily. With the previous issuance of a faulty product, Easytone, Reebok created a weakness in the company.However, with Realflex, Reebok can improve the past weaknesses by marketing its new â€Å"76 sensors† technology and wonderful health benefits. This technology can efficiently support the r unner's weight and flexibility. This product, along with focused advertising, will increase consumer awareness of the health benefits that come with the Realflex shoes. Furthermore, the target market will enjoy the convenience of shopping in more Reebok retail locations. This will help Reebok to increase advertising concerning the high quality performance and the health benefits within Realflex.With Realflex becoming more widely known, the product demand will increase. As a result, customer value will also increase. The final marketing objective is to increase awareness of how much Reebok has invested in its consumers best interests. Realflex implements the idea of â€Å"natural running movement†, emphasizes on lightweight materials, which its users can experience the barefoot feel. It shows to its target markets top quality running shoes with not only the health benefits, but also with the pioneer and innovation of its sensors to improve performance.Through the catering of s tyle with the young generation and the health concern of baby boomers, the team believes that Reebok will reach its marketing objectives and spur the success of this product. Appendices Appendix A – Competition Table Competitor| Year Founded| Years in Business| Locations Served| FY 2010 Sales| Offered Products| Direct orIndirect Competition| Nike| 1964| 47| World2| $19 Billion3| Athletic shoes, apparel, sports equipment, and accessories2| Direct| Asics| 19494| 62| World4| $2. 4 Billion5| Athletic shoes, apparel, and sports equipment4| Direct| New Balance| 19066| 105| World6| $1. Billion6| Performance footwear, apparel and accessories6| Direct| Deckers Outdoor Corp| 19737| 37| World7| $1 Billion8| Sheepskin boots, casual wear, slippers, and sandals7| Indirect| Appendix B – SWOT Analysis | Favorable| Unfavorable| Internal| Strengths(1) Brand Equity(2) Reebok-Adidas merger. (3) Reebok is one of the top athletic shoe companies in U. S. in terms of market share. (4) Barefoo t shoes are scientifically healthier than any other kind of shoes. (5) 76 independent sensors on the bottom of Reebok Realflex barefoot shoes promote natural movement, flexibility, and comfort. (6) The price is the average of main competitors. 7) Customizing the shoes with the styles and colors customers prefer. | Weaknesses(1) Reebok owns few official stores and relies more on retailers. (2) Reebok doesn’t own factories and they depend on producing industries in their production. (3) Previous reputation of releasing faulty products. (4) Few sponsors associated with Reebok. | External| Opportunities(1) Expanding current market and reach current markets with their new products. (2) Marketing towards several age groups to increase profits. (3) Product development opportunity. (4) Expanding to market for the product on social media websites. 5) Creating new channels of communication on social media websites. | Threats(1) Many companies produce barefoot shoes and this leads to a strong competition. (2) Changing trends in footwear technology. (3) As barefoot shoe is a want and not a need, some people may think twice before purchasing. (4) Poor economy| Appendix C – Positioning Map 1: College Students Appendix D – Positioning Map 2: Baby Boomers 5 Appendix E – RealFlex Packaging Appendix F – Magazine Advertisement Appendix G – Billboard Advertisement Appendix H – Pro-nation Advertisement Appendix I – Billboard Advertisement Appendix J – MarketTrakAppendix K – Glossary of Terms At-Market Pricing Strategy Attributes Barriers to entry Beliefs Brand Awareness Brand Value Branding Channels Competitions Competitive Advantage Competitors Consumer Consumer’s attitudes Consumer Spending Core Competency Cost Current market Customer Loyalty Customer Value Differentiation positioning Direct marketing Discretionary Spending Disposable Income Good Will Growing Market Growth Stage Indirect Competition Lea ders Market Market price Market share Marketing Mix Marketing Plan Objectives Maturity Stage Need Opinion Leaders Opportunities Packaging Personal Selling Placement Positioning PowerPricing Pricing strategies Product Product Development Product Modification Promotional elements Public Relations Purchasing power Push strategy Reposition Retail Retailer Sales Promotions Segment Social Status Strength Substitutes Target Market Threats Utility Value Want Weakness Bibliography Adidas. 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