Predestination in Book III of John Miltons Paradise Lost...

Predestination in Book III of Paradise Lost Miltons purpose in Paradise Lost is nothing less than to assert eternal providence and justify the ways of God to men - a most daunting task. For Milton to succeed in his endeavour, he has to unravel a number of theologiccal thorns that have troubled christian philosophers for centuries. Since his epic poem is, essentially, a twelve book argument building to a logical conclusion - the justification of the ways of God to men - he will necessarily have to deal with these dogmatic problems, and, in doing so, reveal his own take on the Christian theology. What we receive in Paradise Lost, however, is Miltons final conclusion concerning these issues; to discover how he worked a†¦show more content†¦But what is implied by Miltons usage of the word? Gods defence in Book III can be broken into four parts: 1-Man was created free, ie. I made him just and right/Sufficient to have stood, though free to fall. This is covered in lines 97-111; 2-It is through free-will that man chose to fall, ie. ...they themselves decreed/Thir own revolt, not I. This is covered in lines 111-119; 3-Though fallen, man shall not lose their free-will, ie. I formd them free, and free they must remain; the notion of the non-mutability of God is also contained here. This is covered in lines 120-128; 4-Using free-will, and through God, man shall be saved, ie. Man therefore shall find grace [...] in Mercy and Justice both. This is covered in lines 129-134, and thus constitutes the final part of Gods full argument and defence. Central to the argument, though, both structurally and in terms importance, is the notion of predestination. The other aspects of the argument - mans free-will, and the means by which they shall be saved - are contained within that single word, for behind it lies the entirety of the argument that Milton lays out in Chapter IV of De Doctrina Christiana. Chapter IV of DeShow MoreRelated Adam in Miltons Paradise Lost Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesAdam in Paradise Lost: Fates Ruler - and Subject A central problem in John Miltons Paradise Lost in the theological issue of free will versus fate, a traditionally much-debated question. Free will is the condition of having control or direction over fate or destiny; the individual shapes his life and future through his actions. The opposing view, complete lack of free will (made famous by John Calvin), is predestination, which expresses the idea that our futures have been foreseen long

Satire Found in Candiate by Voltaire, Don Quixote by...

We often see satire in our everyday lives such as on televisions, novels, and music; but why is satire used? Satire is a form of writing used to denounce human vice, giving readers an insight on the flaws that the author sees in society. There are two different types of way to present satire: horation and juvenialian. In the three works: Candide by Voltaire, Don Quixote by Miguel De Cervantes, and A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift all demonstrate the use of satire. However, Don Quixote presents only horation satire and A Modest Proposal uses juvenalian satire, while Candide uses both types of satire. By combining both horatian and juvenilian satire one’s piece is able to present social criticism more effectively than only using one.†¦show more content†¦The author uses horation to point out the lack of respect towards prostitutes, although they have a lewd job, they should be treated as ladies. In turn, Don Quixote is once again made a dunce for his actions, conveyi ng instead that kind actions are wasteful and will only make one look half-witted. A Modest Proposal on the other hand, used juvenalian satire which was too serious to fully grasp the idea Jonathan Swift wanted to show to the readers. Juvenalian satire, quite the opposite of horation, is a specific attack on a individual or human behavior. Swift addresses the solution to the poverty in Ireland in a manner so blunt he sounds somewhat serious about â€Å"a young healthy child...stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled† Swift targets his attack on the Irish and exaggerates how far the Irish would go for money (2030). A reader, may not notice that this human characteristic, greed, applies to all mankind. Swift in other cases offends the British as well. Swift suggests his proposition so wildly for the British will accept it. However, this only gives insight to readers that the British are self-inovlved when in fact it

Compare and Contrast Plessy V. Ferguson and Brown V. Board...

Huiliang Yang HIS 112 Professor McLeod 4/24/10 Compare and Contrast Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education The Supreme Court has significant impact on molding the society of the United States, so does it play an important role in the process of the realization of equal protection on the right to education. From Plessy to Brown, every case that had milestone meaning indicated the evolution on the equal protection of the right to education, and also marked the progress of American civilization. However, there are different points between Plessy and Brown. Brown v. Board of Education was educational case of black race, but Plessy v. Ferguson is not it; the result of Plessy is isolation but equal, the Brown show us that†¦show more content†¦Why these people have to join counter culture movement? They have dissatisfaction and criticism of the mainstream culture and existing systems. Sympathy for the minorities and women, even the desire for peace are a common feature of these movements. I believe that many the participants of counter-cultural movement are also member of the New Left M ovement. Hippies are good representation of the counter culture movement, it usually involve drug abuse, sex and abortion. History professor Theodore Roszak points out the hippies and radical students have a same point, which is counter-culture. (Roszak, 1995) In his views, counter-cultural movement is all social protest movements in the United States, such as democracy movement, womens liberation movement, black civil rights movement, and anti-war movement. These movements absolutely have some actions what we cannot accept, but it is not violence. Drug abuse, sex, abortion and other revolt actions, you can say they are criminal, but they do not use force to attack someone. Another side, there are many wars and movements were occurred every decade or couple in the United States, so â€Å"violence is American as cherry pie† is not a good description for 1960s. From the middle 1960s to the beginning of 1970s, America waged the Vietnam War which was the longest and the most consumed in the history of America.Show MoreRelatedDwight D. Eisenhower and Civil Rights Act Essay995 Words   |  4 PagesDouglas Mac Arthur HUAC The Hollywood 10 Alger Hiss Whittaker Chambers Richard Nixon J. Edgar Hoover Klaus Fuchs Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Joseph McCarthy Red Scare Adlai Stevenson Dwight D. 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My first step is to obtain various supreme court cases and historical events involving the tenth amendment of the US Constitution. My second step is that I will then compare these supreme court cases and events to the original constitutional meaning of the tenth amendment to see how the meaning of the tenth amendment may have changed. My third and final step is that I will then look at present day examples of the tenthRead MoreChapter 5 Outline5565 Words   |  23 Pagesprinciple of physical salience†¨D.  engendered racism    14.  What is the sociological concept of racial formation?  Ã¢â‚¬ ¨A.  The process by which a group comes to be identified as a race.†¨B.  The process in which the major institutions of society such as law and education create and sustain beliefs about racial categories.†¨C.  The interconnection of historical discrimination and the creation of racial categories.†¨D.  All of these choices are true.    15.  Which of these is an illustration of the concept of out-group homogeneity

Hip Hop Is Not Going Anywhere - 1545 Words

Since Old School’s Hip Hop conception, the genre has gone way beyond what the genre’s originators could have imagined. Each period since the founding of Hip Hop has added to the evolution of the culture and have altered it into something that is more than just a hobby, but a mindset and a part of life that cannot be separated from many different cultures globally. In 1977, popular Hip Hop MCs and Djs lived in poverty in New York and in 2016 artist like Sean Combs, Dr. Dre, and Jay-Z are worth $2.07 billion combined (Greenburg, 2016). A genre and culture that stemmed in a way of healing and release in the black and latino community in New York is now an international commodity and has proven that Hip Hop is not going anywhere. Several of Hip Hop’s characteristics have guided the evolution in these past 40 years, like the value of being family-oriented, authentic and the content of the lyrics, have made Hip Hop into a genre that has a large enough variety to have something for every any audience that enjoys music. Rap originated in the South Bronx by marginalized Black and Latino youth who lived in terrible housing often set ablaze, overcrowded cities, lack of available jobs, and gang-filled communities. Around this time in the 70s, gangs were becoming prominent in order to form community, protection, and family. In Somebody Scream, Reeves (2008) stated, â€Å"The population upheaval of the South Bronx, with black and brown kids being terrorized by bands of white youth whoseShow MoreRelatedHip Hop : A Genre Of Music1431 Words   |  6 PagesHip hop is widely know as a genre of music that started in a New York City borough called the Bronx in the late 1970s, but it is more than just the music. 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Hip-hop and its influence on our ideas of personal identity Hip-hop has helped form ideas about race and class, in a time period that was also politically reforming these ideas. Hip-hop originated in New York in the 1960’s and 70’s in New York, more specifically in areas of financial squalor, and mainly originated form African American people. It could be seen as way for people to express themselves. Hip-hop wasn’t formed racially specific though

The Partner by John Grisham Free Essays

The Partner by John Grisham †They found him in Ponta Pora, a pleasant little town in Brazil, on the border of Paraguay. He lived alone in a small house on Rua Tiradentes and drove a red 1983 Volkswagen. He was thinner. We will write a custom essay sample on The Partner by John Grisham or any similar topic only for you Order Now His skin and hair were darker, and his nose and chin were different† The man who was found wasPatrick Lanigan, who is the main character of the book . Four years earlier he was married and had a young daughter and had been a partner in a law firm in Biloxi, Mississippi. A badly burned body was found in his wrecked car and a funeral was held for Patrick. Six weeks later 90 million dollars disappears from the law firm? s bank account and Patrick? s partners begin to suspect him. After stealing the money Patrick changes as much as possible in order to make it more difficult to find him. He gets a new identity as Danilo Silva, learns near perfect Portuguese, loses a lot of weight and also has plastic surgery. Patrick is chased both by his former partners, who use a private detective named Jack Stephano, who want the 90 million, and the FBI who also want him for murdering the body in his car.Patrick is tortured by the men working for Jack Stephano but he doesn? t tell them where the money is. The only person who actually knows this is Eva Miranda, who is his Brazilian lawyer and also his lover. After returning to the United States Patrick is in a hospital because he has bad wounds after the torture and he is also immediately accused of murder and theft, asked to return the 90 million and his wife wants to divorce him. In an ordinary book we would not have very much sympathy for a man like Patrick, but as the story unfolds must people probably get to like him.It turns out that the money which he took actually was stolen first by his partners and a man by the name Aricia, who had cheated the government. Patrick agrees to return not only the 90 million but also a generous interest of another 23 million. The missing 19 year old boy who generally was believed to have been murdered by Patrick was actually helped by him to get another identity and the burned body had died from disease before it was put into the car. Patrick is also quite generous towards his former wife, who had had a lover while they were married, and his daughter, who he knows actually has another father.Also, we have to admire the enourmously detailed preparations and the intelligent plan which make it possible for Patrick to get away from this situation without even spending one day in jail. But I think that our sympathy for Patrick can never be absolute since he obviously also has done many bad things. At the very end Patrick and Eva have arranged to meet at a hotel in France in order to start a new life together, but Eva doesn? t show up for several days and Patrick returns to his home in Brazil, where he is lonely and rather poor, or at least not rich, since Eva has disappeared with all the money.I? ve read a short and simplified version of this book which seems to concentrate mainly on the story, which is quite complicated, but doesn? t contain many direct descriptions of the people in it. Most of the words, except some legal terms, are rather simple. We get to know the main characters mainly from their actions. In many books the hero is perfect, or almost perfect, and he is fighting for something noble. Patrick, on the other hand, is a mixture of good and bad. Our feelings towards Patrick are complicated. We admire Patrick for his smartness but our feelings for him can? t be only positive.After all he has committed several crimes. Is he a hero or an anti-hero? Patrick seems seems extremely smart and quite nice in many ways. In spite of his doubtful actions we feel sympathy for him because he is generous and cheated not only by his wife and his partners but also, in the end, by his lover. While reading the book we want Patrick to get away with everything and go back to his lover in Brazil and we feel sorry for him when he? s left lonely and unhappy in the end. On the other hand, would it have been fair if Patrick had finished with both the money and his lover? Maybe if he had been a truly good hero, but he isn? and maybe this is what he deserves? There isn? t any particular part of the book which I think is better than any other, but I liked the way that the story begins with the capture of Patrick and how the previous events are gradually revealed to us. What impressed me the most wa s reading about Patrick? s extremely careful preparations for everything he did, especially that he predicted that he would be captured one day and his detailed preparations for the situation which he knows will develop. We are not told very much about the looks or personalities of the people who chase him and his wife.From their actions they seem rather selfish, cynical and greedy. Money plays an important role in The Partner. It is clearly shown that money can buy you out of many troubles, but also that it cannot buy you happiness. Most people in the book seem to value money more than love or friendship. The only people who are really nice to each other are relatives or old friends. The Partner starts with a bang, is filled with action and unexpected turns, but not violence, and has a very surprising end. It? s rather dark and it doesn? t have a happy ending, but it? s very exciting and I think most people would like to read it. I certainly did! How to cite The Partner by John Grisham, Papers

Contemporary Health Environment in Respect to Nursing

Questions: 1. What is the role of the enrolled nursed in nursing research? 2. Discuss the purpose of nursing research in relation to:discovering new nursing knowledgesolving nursing problemsprofessional curiosity 3. Define validity and reliability in relation to research. 4. Explain the stages in evidence-based practice under the following headings:AssessmentAnalysisProblem identificationPlanningImplementationEvaluation 5. What are 3 individual values and perceptions that may need to be addressed if requesting an individual to participate in research? 6. What are the emotional and physical needs of family and significant others when supporting the individual to participate in research? 7. Discuss the following ethical considerations when undertaking nursing research:Informed consentConfidentialitySafeguards e.g. ethical committees, consent forms 8. What are 5 forms of data collection used in research and how are they used? 9. Define and discuss the following 3 research methodologies: 10. Using the two articles provided on Blackboard answer the following questions and also explain your answer (do not just state yes or no) using the evidence within the article. Research article 1: Which research method was used?Is the method appropriate to the question?Was the data collection identified?Was the sample group large enough?Did the article explore the feelings or reactions of the participants?Were the findings established and clearly documented? Research article 2:Which research method was used?Were the participants clearly identified?Was the study valid?Was the sample group large enough?Is the study reliable?Are the results generalised?Was the research question answered? 11. Define evidence-based practice? 12. What is the ENs role regarding using evidence-based practice? Provide one example. Answers: 1. The role of the enrolled nurse in nursing research is to develop interventions for an existing issue that the patients face and the nurses encounter while treating them (Parahoo 2014). EN in nursing research also makes plans and strategies to evaluate and impart treatment to the patients.2. From the aspect of discovering new nursing knowledge, nursing research is necessary. When a nurse carries out relevant research concerning the ailment of a patient, it helps the nurse in widening the hemisphere on knowledge. This, results in effective treatment and care provided to the patient.From the aspect of solving nursing problems, nursing research is also necessary. Having a background on the research, it helps in facing issues of the patients with greater confidence and without any assistance on the part of the physician.From the aspect of professional curiosity, nursing research will increase the inquisitiveness of the nurses, helping in exploration of newer dimensions. 3. Validity and reliability in relation to research Validity is said to be the extent to what a particular concept is precisely measured in a research study (Parahoo 2014). Reliability indicates the result accuracy. Validity is a narrowed-down idea that illustrates the closeness what is believed and what is actually measured by the researchers (Parahoo 2014). Simultaneously, reliability is crucial condition for research validity. 4. The steps in evidence-based practice include assessment, analysis, problem identification, planning, implementation and evaluation. In evidence-based practice, assessment is an important step, whether the researchers decide on the contemporary practice and select a suitable topic relevant to their area of practice (Papathanasiou, Tsaras and Sarafis 2014). Next, they carry out a thorough analysis, where they could obtain required literature and identify certain problems. Based on that, aims and objectives could be developed. Subsequently, proper planning is done in order to understand the budget, people and estimate time to accomplish the research. Upon approval, they could implement the plan and finally evaluate the data to reach to a valid conclusion. 5. While carrying out a nursing research, individual values and perceptions should be addressed, if requesting individuals to participate in research. Consent, confidentiality and ethics need to be addressed while requesting participants to take part in a research. A written consent enables the researchers to inform the participants about the research topic (Munhall 2012). Written consent should also be taken from the organizations or authorities under which a research is about to be accomplished. It is a mode of transparent communication, where the participants understand the purpose of the research. The researchers should also be informed if participants are unwilling to take part in a research. The researchers should also ensure that the data obtained from the participants are kept confidential by not revealing to a third party and thereby, carried out the research under strict ethical consideration. This further provides data safety of the entire nursing research. By maintaining these values, the researchers could make sure that they carry out any research under strict ethical consideration. 6. The emotional and physical needs of family and significant others needs to be catered to by the nurse while carrying out the research on the subject. It is necessary to provide emotional support to the family members as they might be in distress.7. It is necessary to consider the informed consent in respect to the ethical considerations, because the subject (patient) as well as the family members needs to know the details of the research, which is to be carried out on the patient. The patient will be detailed regarding it (Johnstone 2015).Both the patient and the nurse should fill the confidentiality form. The patient should not reveal the details of the research to anyone and the nurse should not reveal any details of the subject to anyone outside the research facility.The nurse should get prior permission in carrying out the research involving live human subjects from the ethical committee responsible for this kind of research. Necessary consent forms should be signed by everyon e related to the research. 8. The five forms of data collection method used and their uses are given below (Lewis 2015): Self reports refers to gathering information from people by questioning them and it can be on the basis of a self administered questionnaire or with the help of interview methods. Bio-physiologic measurements refers to collecting biophysical based data from the patients with the help of specialized equipments in order to assess the physical as well as the biological status of the patients. Observational method refers to the involvement of the systemic form of selection, observation as well as the recording of the behavior, settings as well as the events, which is relevant to an issue related to the patient who is under investigation. Psychometric measurements refers to the use of psychometric tools such as inventories, instruments, questionnaires, measures, surveys that the nurses use in order to quantify and analyze abstract variables. Projective technique (for analyzing quanititative data), Q sorts (to measure the progress of the patient in respect to time), Vignette (tool for measuring the process of care in respect to the clinical aspect) 9. Research methodologies in respect to nursing can be divided into two broad categories, such as qualitative and quantitative research methodology. Qualitative research is further divided into different categories such as, phenomenology, ethnology, grounded theory, historical method and case study (Holloway and Wheeler 2013). Quantitative research is further divided into different categories such as, descriptive, co relational, quasi-experimental and experimental. 10. Research article 1 Qualitative research method was used to carry out the present research (Agar et al. 2012). The research aimed to carry out a comparison between nurses regarding delirium related decision making, who are working in aged care, oncology department, palliative care and aged care psychiatry. In order to carry out the comparison, it is necessary to obtain and understand the perspectives of the respective nurses. Qualitative methods are majorly used in exploratory research that enables the researchers to understand the underlying motivations, opinion and reasons. In case of article 1, the researchers have conducted a semi-structured interview of the participant nurses in order to explore their ideas and views on delirium evaluation and management. Hence, it could be mentioned that the application of qualitative method is appropriate to the research question. It is mentioned in the research article that the data was collected by using semi-structured interviews, which included series of open questions that provided the participants with an opportunity to express their views and ideas. Hence, it could be mentioned that the data collection was identified. The researchers considered 40 nurses to carry out the present research, from which it could be mentioned that, for a sole qualitative study, 40 participants were large enough to obtain data in order to evaluate their views and opinions on delirium assessment and management, which further provided the researchers with an opportunity to develop short and precise themes. Sample size of more than 40 might have generated a risk of getting diverted from the research aim. However, from a statistical perspective, it should be mentioned that participant selection for group survey involves certain percentage of margin of error, for example: at confidence level of 95%, a sample group of 10 numbers of people could give rise to almost 32% of margin of error, a sample group of 10 numbers of people could give rise to almost 22.4% of margin of error. Less number of samples, therefore, would not be a reliable data source. From the participants responses the researchers have developed four analytical themes that include superficial understanding and recognition of delirium, management, assessment and consequences on others. Hence, it could be stated that the article explored the reactions or feelings of the participants. The themes pinpointed the real-life occurrences related to the selected research topic that further enabled the researchers to come to a logical conclusion. The researchers not only developed themes from the gathered data, but also have clearly mentioned about the participants demographics that include age, qualification, time of work, experience in different areas like aged care, oncology, aged care psychiatry and palliative care facility, which further demonstrated that the findings were well documented and established. Research article 2 The research method that was used was qualitative analysis, which was in relation to the quality of life Yes, the participants were clearly identified. The study was valid. The sample group was not large enough. The numbers of participants allotted for each sub group for the means of analysis were comparatively less. No, the study was not reliable as there were several limitations, such as, it was difficult to assess whether the ratings were influenced by any means due to the relationship between the proxy to the person affected by dementia. It was also observed that the reports related to the influence that depression has on quality of life in respect to both self-report as well as in case of proxy accounts, has not been recognized in the research. The results are not generalized. The aim of the research was to determine the quality of life of the older people who have been affected with dementia, by others who are also affected with dementia. It was proved by the research that people affected with dementia is able to assess their quality of life. Hence, the research question was answered (Moyle et al. 2012). 11. Evidence practiced can be defined as the use of currently best available evidence, which has been incorporated while making decisions in respect to the care imparted to an individual patient (Grove, Burns and Gray 2014). It requires for the incorporation of clinical expertise as well as patient values in the treatment and care provided to a patient. 12. The role of the EN in respect to using evidence-based practice is that it helps in proving the patients with quality care, which is both safe as well as efficient (DiCenso, Guyatt and Ciliska 2014). The role of the EN is to provide treatment and care, which is aligns with the effective prognosis carried out for a disease affecting the patient, proper analysis of the etiology of the disease, the significance of the diagnostic tests as well as the therapeutic effects on the patient. For example, a patient might be in need of assessment of his worsening situation while he has been admitted in the general ward. An EN who is equipped with evidence-based practice will be able to identify the problem with the patient based on the ENs previous experiences as well as research knowledge. The EN will not lose a single minute in providing treatment to the patient by carrying out a swift and accurate prognosis and carry out diagnostic tests which will help in assessing the situation with the ailing patient. References: Agar, M., Draper, B., Phillips, P.A., Phillips, J., Collier, A., Harlum, J. and Currow, D., 2012. Making decisions about delirium: a qualitative comparison of decision making between nurses working in palliative care, aged care, aged care psychiatry, and oncology.Palliative Medicine,26(7), pp.887-896. DiCenso, A., Guyatt, G. and Ciliska, D., 2014.Evidence-based nursing: A guide to clinical practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Grove, S.K., Burns, N. and Gray, J.R., 2014.Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Holloway, I. and Wheeler, S., 2013.Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare. John Wiley Sons. Johnstone, M.J., 2015.Bioethics: a nursing perspective. Elsevier Health Sciences. Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.Health promotion practice, p.1524839915580941. Moyle, W., Murfield, J.E., Griffiths, S.G. and Venturato, L., 2012. Assessing quality of life of older people with dementia: A comparison of quantitative self?report and proxy accounts.Journal of Advanced Nursing,68(10), pp.2237-2246. Munhall, P.L., 2012.Nursing research. Jones Bartlett Learning. Papathanasiou, I.V., Tsaras, K. and Sarafis, P., 2014. Views and perceptions of nursing students on their clinical learning environment: Teaching and learning.Nurse education today,34(1), pp.57-60. Parahoo, K., 2014.Nursing research: principles, process and issues. Palgrave Macmillan.